Secretory patterns of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-I during peripubertal period in intact and castrate male cattle

Fifteen Angus bulls and 15 Angus steers 9 months of age and 275 kg of body weight were bled at 20-min intervals over a 6-hr period and serum GH and IGF-I concentrations were measured by RIA. There were no differences between bulls and steers in the mean GH concentration, pulse frequency and amplitude when analyzed by the computer program PULSAR. Mean IGF-I concentration was not different between the two sex phenotypes, nor was there a significant correlation between the integrated IGF-I and GH concentrations. Subsequently, five bulls and five steers were selected from the 30 animals, full-fed a diet for growth in individual pens for 3 months and bled at 15-min intervals over a 24-hr period. Bulls tended to show a greater weight gain and feed conversion efficiency (P<.10) than steers during the 3-month period. Serum GH concentrations had a pulsatile pattern in all animals with no apparent diurnal rhythm during the 24-hr bleeding. Although mean GH concentration was not different between the two sex phenotypes, bulls tended to have lower baseline levels (P<.10) and greater peak amplitudes than steers. Serum IGF-I concentrations fluctuated within a two-fold concentration range, with no obvious pulsatility similar to that of GH. Mean IGF-I concentrations of each of the 10 animals were correlated with mean peak GH amplitudes (r = .79), but not with mean GH. These results suggest that gonadal hormone(s) modulates the GH secretory pattern and increases IGF-I secretion which may be related to the greater growth rate of bulls compared with steers.