冷藏对不同季节采集的美洲斑潜蝇寄生蜂羽化的影响

研究了10％冷藏不同时间对天津地区不同季节采集的美洲斑潜蝇寄生蜂自然种群羽化率和羽化进度的影响。结果表明，不同季节发育的寄生蜂对10℃低温的耐受力不同，不同处理的羽化率和羽化进度有较大差异。7月份和9月中旬的寄生蜂随冷藏时间延长，羽化率显著下降；9月底、11月下旬的寄生蜂耐寒力增强，冷藏15～60d处理后羽化率无显著降低。25℃适宜条件下，7月份、9月底的寄生蜂均在20d内羽化，11月下旬、12月的寄生蜂出现羽化延迟，21～40d之间亦有羽化。9月底的寄生蜂冷藏30、45、60d处理，随冷藏时间延长，16～20d羽化比例明显增加，21～25d依次渐增；11月下旬、12月的寄生蜂冷藏处理后羽化进度加快，冷藏60d内随时间延长，10d内羽化比例明显增加。

Effects of Cold Storage on Emergence of Leafminer Parasitoids Collected in Different Seasons

Effect of storage for different periods （15, 30, 45, and 60 d） at 10℃ on emergence of parasitoids of Liriomyza sativae collected in different seasons in Tianjin was studied. Results showed： （1） low temperature tolerance of the parasitoids varied with the collection seasons. The parasitoids collected in July and Mid-September showed decreased emergence rate with elongation in cold storage. There were no significant difference in emergence rates of the parasitoids collected in Late-September and November; （2） the parasitoids collected in July and Late-September emerged in 20 d, but emergence of the parasitoids collected in November and December extended up to the 40 d at 25℃. The emergence progress of the parasitoids collected in Late-September was slower after 30 - 60 d cold storage than control. And the emergence between 21 and 25 d after cold storage increased with cold storage days. The emergence progress of the parasitoids collected in November and December was significantly faster after 30 - 60 d cold storage than control. And the emergence in ten days increased with cold storage days. Results are discussed in relation to diapause induction and termination of leaf miner parasitoids.