三突花蛛对绿盲蝽和苜蓿盲蝽的捕食作用

室内研究表明,三突花蛛Misumenops tricuspidatus捕食行为始于二龄幼蛛,可捕食绿盲蝽和苜蓿盲蝽的各龄若虫及成虫。其成蛛对两种盲蝽捕食功能反应属H0llingⅡ型,日捕食绿盲蝽和苜蓿盲蝽二龄、四龄若虫可分别达56.5、22.1头和30.4、9.3头。选择试验表明,三突花蛛对两种盲蝽无取食选择性差别,但对不同龄期的同种盲蝽趋于选择体型较大个体。环境温度对三突花蛛的捕食量有明显影响,以20～35℃为适宜捕食温度;低于10℃下日捕食量显著降低。2007年棉花田间调查结果显示,三突花蛛与盲蝽自然种群动态有明显的相关关系。上述结果表明三突花蛛是绿盲蝽和苜蓿盲蝽的重要捕食性天敌。

Predation of Misumenopos tricuspidatus on Mirids, Apolygus lucorum and Adelphocoris lineolatus

Predation of Misumenopos tricuspidatus on mirids, Apolygus lucorum and Adelphocoris lineolatus was investigated in the laboratory. The spider began to prey on the nymph and adult mirids at the second instar, and the functional responses for adult spiders fitted well with Holling 11 type. The daily maximum predatory capacity of the adult spider for the 2nd and 4th instar nymphs reached 56.5, 22.1 for Ap. lucorum and 30.4, 9.3 for Ad. lineolatus, respectively. The spider showed no preference between the two mirids species, but preferred larger individuals. Environmental temperature influenced predatory efficiency of the spider, with the optimum range of temperature being 20 - 35 ℃ and predatory capacity of the adults decreasing drastically at temperature below 10℃. In cotton field, population dynamics of the mirids correlated well with that of the spider in 2007. It is concluded that the spider is an important natural enemy of the two mirids.