孕期心理干预对改善孕产妇心理状况的研究

目的：探讨孕期心理干预对改善孕产妇心理状况的可行措施。方法：随机将孕妇分为2组并随访至产后2周（非心理干预组402人，随访至产后2周者356人；心理干预组323人，随访至产后2周者287人），心理干预组孕妇分孕早期、孕中期和孕晚期进行三阶段的心理干预，孕期调查用医院焦虑和抑郁量表（HAD），产后2周调查用艾迪产后抑郁量表（EPDS）并增加本次有关妊娠、分娩前后的生活事件等内容并进行比较。结果：心理干预组孕妇临产前焦虑和抑郁情绪均分值明显低于非心理干预组，其焦虑和抑郁情绪发生率也明显低于心理干预组，差异非常显著（P＜0．01）；产后抑郁症发生率明显低于非心理干预组（P＜0．01）。对其潜在心理背景分析表明：心理干预组的孕产妇在妊娠心境、产后育儿、与社会家人关系等得到明显改善（P＜0．01）；而对来自分娩周围环境、分娩疼痛等压力无明显改善，与非心理干预组比较差异不显著（P＞0．05）。结论：孕期心理干预可明显改善孕产妇的心理状况和降低产后抑郁症的发生率。

Psychic intervention during pregnancy on the psychological status of pregnant and parturient women

Objective:To study the role of psychic intervention on the psychological status of pregnant and parturient women.Methods:A total of 725 pregnant women was randomly divided into 2 groups:intervention group( n =323)and non intervention group( n =402),and most of them were followed up 2 weeks postnatally.Psychic intervention was performed in the first,second and third trimester of pregnancy.Hospital Anxiety and Depression Form(HAD) and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) were adopted to survey the pregnant and parturient women respectively.Results:The scores and incidences of anxiety and depression were lower in intervention group than those in non intervention group( P< 0.01),and so did the incidence of postnatal depression( P< 0.01).Compared with non intervention group,the pregnant sentiment,baby care and social and familial functioning in intervention group were remarkably improved( P< 0.01);the environmental stress and labor pains,however,showed no statistical difference between the two groups( P> 0.05).Conclusion:Psychic intervention during pregnancy could obviously improve the psychological status associated with pregnancy and puerperium and decrease the incidence of postnatal depression.