气候变化对昆明园林环境的影响

通过对昆明1951～2007年气候资料的分析得知,近60年来,昆明平均气温变暖,最为突出的是近十余年增温幅度高达0.4℃/10a,同时年较差缩小,体现在最低气温的显著升高,昆明的冬天正在变暖;伴随气温变暖,降水量却显著减少,过去14年中降水量减少幅度约为18.05mm/a;相对湿度与降水量呈正相关,这导致昆明将更加缺水和干燥;日照时数的下降率约107h/10a,主要原因之一就是昆明快速城市化过程。昆明城市的四个重要气候指标近60年来的变化呈现一高三低态势,应对其年平均气温的升高、降水量减少以及城市整体气候变化提出园林建设对策。

Climate Changing on Landscape Environment in Kunming in Recent 60 Years

By analyzing the climate records of Kunming from 1957 to 2007, Kunming＇s average temperature has been found to be increasing in recent 60 years. The key problem lies in the temperature rise in recent ten or more years by 0.4℃/10a and the annual range decrease at the same time, represented as the elevation of the lowest temperature and increasingly warmer winter in Kunming. With the warming climate, the precipitation has suffered a prominent fall, by 18.05mm/a in the past 14 years. The relative humidity is in direct proportion to the precipitation, which explains the less of water and drier climate in Kunming city. The decrease rate of the sunshine hour is around 107h/10a, caused mainly by the fast urbanization of Kunming. With ＂One increase and three decreases＂ of the four key climate indexes changes in Kunming city in the past 60 years, this paper aims to provide corresponding landscape construction countermeasures to the annual average temperature increase, precipitation decrease and climate change in Kunming city.