中国古代文人园林中的道家思想

道教作为中国传统文化的重要组成部分,在中国很多传统艺术中发挥了重要的作用,中国古代文人园林也是在其影响下形成和发展的。道教中的"道法自然"、隐逸以及矛盾对立并生的思想都在文人园林中展现的淋漓尽致。"道法自然"是指园林中的选材、布置都尽可能与真正的大自然相一致,园林是一个小自然;隐逸思想的影响使得园林中的景点布置大多曲径通幽,如镜中之花、水中之月;矛盾对立并生丰富了中国古代文人园林中的意境,使其更具文人气息。文章从道教的中心思想出发,着眼于中国古代文人园林这个特殊的艺术形式,以文化为基点,试图找出道家思想对园林建设的影响,并最终对现代城市园林建设提供参考依据,探究文化与建筑间的内在渊源。

The thought of Taoism in the Scholar Garden of China

As one of the most important parts of Chinese traditional culture,Taoism has much influence on traditional arts,so does the Scholar Garden.The thoughts of imitation from nature,seclusion and contradiction have been showed quietly in the Scholar Garden."Imitation from nature" means selecting and assigning material are consistent to the true nature,and garden is a mini-nature.Seclusion makes the winding path lead to a secluded quiet place,which looks like a flower in the mirror,moon in the water.Contradiction enriches poetic imagery of garden.From the centre of Taoism thought,the Scholar Garden was studied based on the culture and the influence of Taoism on garden construction was investigated.At last,the references to the construction of modern city garden were proposed and the relationship of culture and construction was explored.