地下水生态需水量的估算方法及其恢复问题的研究

本文以石家庄市为背景,对地下水生态环境需水量和补给来源等一系列问题进行了研究探讨,提出了生态环境需水量的计算方法,给出了降雨入渗、河道与湖泊等地表水体入渗补给量的估算方法。并在采补平衡的原则上,对石家庄地下水生态环境恢复问题进行了研究。结果表明:石家庄地下水生态环境问题十分严重。既使恢复期是30年时间,该地区允许开采量也只能在4.20~7.76亿m3/a左右,它比石家庄市目前平均的开采量9.51亿m3/a还小。这样,在目前的开采程度下,如果没有外来水的补充,恢复石家庄的地下水生态环境问题是相当困难的。

Studies on the Estimation Methods of Water Demand for Groundwater Eco-environment and its Restoration Problems

In this paper,taking Shijiazhuang city as an example,some questions of the water demand for the groundwater eco-environment are discussed.A method for calculating water demand of the groundwater eco-environment is proposed,and a method to estimate the infiltration water from rain,river,lake and reservoir is given.Therefore,on the balance principle of groundwater exploitation and infiltrationwater,the restoringproblem of the groundwater eco-environment was studied.The results show that the eco-environmental stateof the groundwater is veryserious in Shijizhuang.If the recoverytime is 30 years,the groundwater exploitation is only about 4.20~7.76 ×10~(8) m~(3)per annum,it is less than the annual mean exploitation 9.51 ×10~(8) m~(3)at present.Then,in the current exploitation degree,it is very difficult to renewalthe groundwater eco-environment if not having the infiltrationwater supply from other river basins in Shijiazhuang.