天然甘氨胆酸和牛磺胆酸的提取研究

目的]建立从牛羊胆汁中分离提纯天然甘氨胆酸和牛磺胆酸的工艺。方法]采用盐析、萃取、脱水等生物化学方法和柱层析正交试验筛选天然甘氨胆酸和牛磺胆酸的最佳提取工艺。结果]在流动相为氯仿和正丁醇，洗脱比例为3：2，装样量为3000ml胆汁粗提物，洗脱速度为6～10ml／s时提取量最大。所得产品经薄层层析法、红外光谱扫描法证实为甘氨胆酸和牛磺胆酸。经薄层扫描法测定含量，甘氨胆酸和牛磺胆酸平均纯度分别达98．4％和98．6％；提取方法平均回收率分别为63．7％和67．8％。该提取方法稳定可行，具有原材料丰富、价廉，产品纯度高、活性强等优点，适宜对天然甘氨胆酸和牛磺胆酸进行分离提制。结论]建立了适宜对天然甘氨胆酸和牛磺胆酸进行分离提制的提取工艺。为甘氨胆酸和牛磺胆酸的工业化生产奠定了基础。

Study on the Extraction of Natural Glycididazole Acid and Taurocholic Acid

Objective] The technological process of the isolation and purification of natural glycididazole acid and taurocholic acid from the bile of cattle and sheep was established.Method] The method of salting out,extraction,dehydration and other biochemical methods were adopted and the best extraction technique was screened out with the orthogonal test of column chromatography.Results] At a mobile phase of chloroform and n-butanol,the ratio of washing solution and dehydration solution was 3∶2;the installed capacity of the sample of bile extracted,3 000 ml;the speed of washing and dehydration treatment,6-10 ml/s,which resulted in the largest extracting amount.The products obtained were proved to be the glycididazole acid and taurocholic acid based on the scanning method of thin layer chromatography and infrared spectrometry and the average purity and the average recoveries of glycididazole acid and taurocholic acid was 98.4% and 98.6%,63.7% and 67.8%,respectively with the TLC-scanning method.The extraction method stability was feasible in operation,with abundant raw materials,cheap,high purity and strong activity of the product,and other advantages.Conclusion] The technological process of the isolation and purification of natural glycididazole acid and taurocholic acid from the bile of cattle and sheep was established,which laid the foundation for industrial production of glycididazole acid and taurocholic acid.