斜置潜土逆转旋耕抛土仿真及试验

斜置潜土逆转旋耕是一种新的旋耕方式,研究其抛土机理对于优化设计斜置潜土逆转旋耕机有重要意义。该文在 LS-DYNA 平台上建立了斜置逆转旋耕抛土 SPH(smoothed particle hydrodynamics,即光滑粒子流体动力学方法)仿真模型,通过该模型对不同工况下的斜置潜土逆转旋耕抛土模拟仿真,得出了不同参数条件下斜置逆转旋耕时不同层的后抛土率,将相同条件下仿真得到的不同层的后抛土率和室内土槽试验得到的不同层的后抛土率进行了对比分析,验证结果表明,最大仿真误差为 12.50%,最小仿真误差为 0.20%,平均误差为 3.09%。应用校正的仿真模型,以斜置角、前进速度、潜土深度以及刀辊转速作为试验的 4 个因素,并对每个因素取 3 个水平,以后抛土率为试验指标,进行了斜置潜土逆转旋耕抛土虚拟正交试验。采用极差分析法、方差分析法以及回归分析法对试验结果进行了分析,数据分析结果表明,影响后抛土率的主次顺序依次为潜土深度、斜置角、前进速度和刀辊转速,后两者对后抛土率影响不显著,并且得出了潜土深度、斜置角与后抛土率的数学关系模型。根据虚拟试验结果优化了斜置潜土逆转旋耕机物理样机并且进行了田间试验,田间试验结果表明,斜置潜土逆转旋耕成功解决了旋耕机支架和中央传动箱体潜土的难题,并且用 R175 标准旋耕刀达到了 20 cm 的耕深,实现了短刀大深耕。

Simulation and experiment of soil casting during oblique submerged reversely rotary tillage

Abstract: Deep rotary tillage is a hot and difficult problem in the research field of tillage machinery. Scholars at home and abroad have made a lot of explorations on deep rotary tillage technology and theory. At present, deep rotary tillage is mainly realized through the following three methods: 1) plowing depth was increased by directly increasing the diameter of the knife roller; 2)Two-axis stratified rotary tillage. Two rows of knife rollers are set in front and back for the first rotary tillage of the former one, and then the latter one for further rotary tillage; 3) subsoil reverse rotary tillage, that is, deep tillage is achieved by sinking the knife shaft below the surface. These three methods can achieve the goal of deep rotation tillage, but they all have their own disadvantages. Considering the characteristics of oblique rotary tilling and reverse tilling, the principle of oblique submerged reverse rotary tillage is put forward in this paper, which can not only destroy the soil by "pull" but also reduce the heaping soil as well as make the central transmission box easy to sink subsoil, and realize low energy consumption deep tilling with short knife. The back-up amount of tilting rotary tilter directly depends on the performance of tilting rotary tilter. Oblique submerged reverse rotary tillage is put forward in this paper. It is important to study the mechanism of throwing soil to optimize the design of this machine. Oblique submerged reverse rotary tillage is a new type of rotary tillage. It is important to study the mechanism of throwing soil to optimize the design of inclined subterranean reversal rotary tiller. In this paper, a simulation model of SPH (Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics) is established on the LS-DYNA platform. The model is used to reverse the rotary tillage in different working conditions. The simulation results show that the post-soil rate of different layers in the reverse rotation of different parameters under different parameters is obtained. The post-soil rate of different layers obtained under the same conditions and the post-casting of different layers obtained by the indoor soil trough test are obtained. The soil rate was compared and analyzed. The verification results show that the maximum simulation error is 12.50%, the minimum simulation error is 0.20%, and the average error is 3.09%. Applying the corrected simulation model, the oblique angle, the forward speed, the depth of the submerged soil and the speed of the cutter roll were taken as the four factors of the test, and three levels were taken for each factor. Afterwards, the throwing rate was measured and the tilt was set. The virtual orthogonal experiment of reversing the rotary tillage and throwing soil was conducted. The test results were analyzed by the range analysis method, the variance analysis method and the regression analysis method. The data analysis results show that the primary and secondary order of the impact rate after the impact is the subsoil depth and the oblique angle, the forward speed and the knife roll speed. The influence on the post-lost rate is not significant, and the mathematical relationship model of the subsoil depth, the oblique angle and the post-lost rate is obtained. According to the results of virtual experiment, the physical prototype of the inclined submersible soil reverse rotation tillage machine was optimized and the field experiment was carried out. The field test results showed that the reverse rotation of the inclined subterranean soil successfully solved the problem of the rotary tiller bracket and the central transmission box. And with the R175 standard rotary cultivator, the tilling depth of 20 cm was achieved, and deep tilling using short knife was realized in this paper.