农业机械化水平对农户市场化程度的影响——基于人均基本需求农地的门限效应分析

运用1 682个农户实地调研数据,通过门限效应模型和样本选择修正模型,分析农业机械化水平对农户市场化程度的影响。结果表明:1)门限效应模型分析得出人均基本需求农地的面积为0.068 hm~2,即人均年基本需求粮食为466.27 kg。2)农业机械化水平对门限前后的农户市场化程度有显著的正向影响,农业机械化水平每增加1个单位,门限前的农户市场化程度就提高0.496个单位,门限后的农户市场化程度就提高0.67个单位。3)自我农机作业方式和外包农机作业方式都对门限前后的农户市场化程度有显著的正向影响。另外,户主不健康和转出土地对农户市场化程度有显著的负向影响,家庭社会资本、粮食价格、人均土地面积、复种指数、平原地区对农户市场化程度有显著的正向影响。建议重点提高平原地区土地适度规模经营程度,关注农户健康问题,增加家庭社会资本,鼓励农户复种经营模式,不断提高农业生产效益,从而促进农户市场化程度的提高。

Influence of agricultural mechanization level on farmers' marketization: The threshold effect of agricultural land based on per capita basic needs

Based on threshold effect model and Tobit Model,a total of 168 2 samples are used to analyze how agricultural mechanization level affects the marketization degree of the farmers.The results are as follows:1) The per capita basic farmland area is 0.068 hectares,which means the per capita annual basic demand for grains is 466.27 kg through the threshold effect model.2) The farm mechanization has a significant positive impact on the agricultural mechanization level below and above the threshold.Once the agricultural mechanization level increases 1 unit,the marketization degree of the farmers below the threshold will increase 0.496 units while those above will increase 0.67 units.3) Both self-operation and outsource of agricultural machine have significant positive impact on the agricultural mechanization level below and above the threshold.Besides,unhealthy households and turning out the land have significant negative impact on the degree of marketization of farmers while social capital,food price,per capita land area,multiple cropping index,and plain areas have significant positive impact on the marketization of farmers.To further increase agricultural efficiency and improve the marketization degree of the farmers,it is recommended to focus on promoting appropriate scale operation of land in the plain area,paying attention to the farmers'' health,increasing family social capital and encouraging farmers to adopt multi-cropping model.