中国西南石漠化地区农村能源消费结构研究

农村能源在国家能源体系中发挥着重要作用，能源消费对农村社会经济发展、生态安全、居民身体健康产生重要影响。通过对贵州省石漠化防治示范区的4县8个乡（镇）25个行政村的429户农户进行了派员式入户调查，揭示中国西南石漠化地区的农村能源消费与石漠化等级之间的关联性。研究发现，1）研究区内仍然以薪柴和煤炭为主能源消费结构。2）农村用能呈现清洁化和高效化的趋势，然而能源转型是缓慢的过程；3）能源消费模式区域差异显著。毕节撒拉溪形成“薪柴+煤炭”的生活用能模式，“煤炭”型取暖模式和“薪柴”型生产用能（煮猪食）模式。关岭花江和贞丰北盘江形成“薪柴+电力”生活用能模式和“电力”型取暖模式。施秉喀斯特形成“薪柴+电力”的生活用能模式，“薪柴+煤炭“取暖用能模式和“煤炭”型生产用能模式；4）石漠化等级与薪柴消费量之间的相关性：潜在石漠化地区的薪柴使用量在合理的生态阈值之内，轻度和强度石漠化地区面临石漠化加重与扩大的风险；5）石漠化地区农村能源贫困严重。毕节撒拉溪和贞丰北盘江存在经济不可支付性，4个示范区室内环境污染严重。通过对比分析，发现研究区农村家庭能源消费主要受制于农户收入水平、能源资源的可获性、取暖、传统文化、产业结构、政策等因素的综合影响。该研究为掌握中国西南石漠化地区家庭能源消费现状和发展趋势，制定相关能源与环境政策提供理论依据。

Fluidization characteristics of torrefied forest waste biomass and pulverized coal mixture particles with different mixing ratios

Abstract: The rural household energy plays an important role in national energy consumption. The rural energy consumption has an important impact on social and economic development, ecological security and residents' physical health. The survey was conducted based on 429 households in 25 administrative villages, 8 townships (towns), 4 counties, in Karst rocky desertification control demonstration area of Guizhou province. The correlation between rural energy consumption and a scale of karst rocky desertification in southwest China was investigated. The results show that: 1) Firewood and coal are still main energy consumption structure in study area. Due to the overall low level of economic income, farmers have to continue to use traditional firewood, resulting in the formation of firewood + commodity energy consumption model, namely, firewood + coal, firewood + electricity, firewood + petroleum, petrochemical, and other energy modes, and showing a pattern of multi-energy complementarity. 2) The rural energy using tends to be clean and efficient, but the energy consumption transformation is a slow process. Due to the influence of demographic characteristics and traditional culture, the electricity is still not the main energy in the study area. Meanwhile the influence of migrant workers, the rural population is dominated by the elderly, women and children, and