苹果不同树形树冠特性和果实品质的比较

为探讨渭北南部苹果产区矮化密植栽培的适宜树形,以11年生高纺锤形、自由纺锤形和开心形富士苹果树为试材,分别测定不同树形树体枝量及枝类组成、冠层特性、叶片光合特性、果实产量和品质相关指标。结果表明,高纺锤形枝类分布和组成及冠层特性指标优于自由纺锤形和开心形;高纺锤形和开心形的树冠光合优于自由纺锤形;3种树形的产量分别为56 428.6、43 523.8和28 952.4kg.hm-2。高纺锤形和开心形的品质优于自由纺锤形。综合分析表明,矮化密植栽培,高纺锤形优于开心形和自由纺锤形。

Comparison on Crown Characteristics and Fruit Quality of Different Tree Canopy Shapes

Favorable tree shape has a crucial effect on growing development and fruit quality of fruit tree.With high spindle shape,freedom spindle shape and open center shape as trial trees which are 11-year old,proportion of branch quantity and sort,crown characteristics,photosynthetic characters yield and fruit quality were measured.The results showed that proportions of branch sort of high spindle shape and each target of crown characteristics were better than those of freedom spindle shape and open center shape;the yield of three tree shapes were 56 428.6,43 523.8 and 28 952.4 kg·hm-2,respectively.The fruit quality of high spindle shape and open center shape was better than that of freedom spindle shape.The quantity of high spindle shape was the best in the three tree shape.The quantity of open center shape was the least in the three tree shape.In conclusion,high spindle shape was better than freedom spindle shape and open center shape.