乌兰布和沙地新开发人工绿洲土地优化结构评价

采用灰色系统关联分析方法对开发区进行土地优化结构评价，结果表明：①在林—农生产系统中，农作物的选择是提高土地资源转化率和经济效益的基本条件。瓜类作物收益高于粮食作物，瓜类作物平均收益为５０３２．９４元／（ｈｍ２·ａ）；粮食作物平均为２４８０．４０元／（ｈｍ２·ａ），前者是后者的２．０３倍。种植番茄和甜菜可获得较高的经济效益，其收益分别为５０７０．００元／（ｈｍ２·ａ）和４０９５．００元／（ｈｍ２·ａ）。②小麦套种玉米收益比单种小麦和玉米分别提高３７．０％和２２．２％；１粮＋复种结构的经济效益比套种结构平均提高７３．７５％。③试区各类用地不尽合理，防护林、经济林、人工草场、农地所占比例分别是：４９．５％、１１．９％、３．５％、３５．１％。根据该地区的总体规划和当地的约束条件，各类用地比例应分别调整为２８．５２％、１２．１１％、３３．０６％、２６．３２％。调整后人均年产值可达９２０８．９４元。

EVALUATLON ON OPTIMIZATION STRUCTURE OF NEW EXPLOITED OASES IN ULANBH SANDY LAND

The paper evaluated optmization structure of new exploited oases in the Ulanbh Sandy Land by means of grey rerelated analytical method. The results showed that:(1)Crops have different transformation rates of land resources and economic benefits. The profit of melon is higher than cereal crops,The average profit of melon crops was 5032.94 Yuan(RMB)/hm 2·a and the cereal crops was 2480.40 RMB/hm 2·a. Tomato and beet can obtain fairly high economic benefits and the profits were 5070 and 4095 RMB/hm 2·a respectively.(2)The wheat interplanting maize increasese yields by 37.0 and 22.2% respectively compared with wheat and maize alone;The economic benefits of interplanting can averagely increases 73.75%.(3)The present proportions of lands occupied by shelterbelts, economic-forests, artificial pastures and farmland were 49.5%,11.9%,3.5%,and 35.1% respectively, however,the suggested proportions should be 28.52,12.11,33.06, and 26.32% respectively.The annual output value of per person may reach 9208,94 RMB after regulation.