Variation in foot conformation in lame horses with different foot lesions |
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| Authors: | Kate Holroyd Jonathon J Dixon Tim Mair Nick Bolas David M Bolt Frederic David Renate Weller |
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| Institution: | 1. The Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, Hatfield, Hertfordshire AL9 7TA, UK;2. Rainbow Equine Hospital, Rainbow Farm, Old Malton, Malton, North Yorkshire YO17 6SG, UK;3. Bell Equine Veterinary Clinic, Butchers Lane, Mereworth, Maidstone, Kent ME18 5GS, UK;4. Hallmarq Veterinary Imaging Ltd., Unit 5, Bridge Park, Guildford, Surrey GU4 7BF, UK;1. Equine Department, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland;2. Wallenschwil 2, 5637 Beinwil, Switzerland;1. Université Paris-Est, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, USC BPLC 957, Maisons-Alfort F-94704, France;2. INRA, USC BPLC 957, Maisons-Alfort F-94704, France;3. Université Paris-Est, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, USC EpiMAI Anses, Maisons-Alfort F-94704, France;1. Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States;2. Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States;3. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States;4. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States;5. Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States;6. School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States;1. Department of Surgery and Anaesthesiology of Domestic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium;2. Department of Equine Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, NL-3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands;3. Division of Diagnostic Imaging, Department of Companion Animal Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, NL-3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands |
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| Abstract: | Foot conformation in the horse is commonly thought to be associated with lameness but scientific evidence is scarce although it has been shown in biomechanical studies that foot conformation does influence the forces acting on the deep digital flexor tendon (DDFT) and the navicular bone (NB). The aim of this study was to determine the relationships between foot conformation and different types of lesion within the foot in lame horses. It was hypothesised that certain conformation parameters differ significantly between different types of foot lesions. Conformation parameters were measured on magnetic resonance images in the mid-sagittal plane of 179 lame horses with lesions of their deep digital flexor tendon (DDFT), navicular bone (NB), collateral ligaments of the distal interphalangeal joints and other structures.Conformation parameters differed significantly between lesion groups. A larger sole angle was associated with combined DDFT and NB lesions, but not with NB lesions alone. A more acute angle of the DDFT round the NB was associated with DDFT and NB lesions, and a lower heel height index with DDFT injury. The larger the sole angle the smaller the likelihood of a DDFT or NB lesion with odds ratios of 0.86 and 0.90, respectively. This study shows an association between foot conformation and lesions but it does not allow the identification of conformation as causative factor since foot conformation may change as a consequence of lameness. Future studies will investigate foot-surface interaction in lame vs. sound horses, which may open a preventative and/or therapeutic window in foot lame horses. |
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