家兔群体遗传变异的微卫星标记

选用欧洲野生穴兔的5个微卫星座位,分析了5个品种(系)家兔群体的遗传变异.结果表明:Vc-Ⅱ系獭兔的群体内平均多态信息含量和平均杂合度均最大,分别为0.552 6和0.620 2;新西兰兔群体内平均多态信息含量和平均杂合度都最小,分别为0.451 5和0.526 1,说明在5个品种(系)家兔中,新西兰兔群体内变异较小,相对较纯;Vc-Ⅱ系獭兔群体内变异较大,纯度相对较小.但总的来看,5个品种(系)家兔的平均多态信息含量和平均杂合度相差都不大,说明Vc獭兔在遗传性能上已接近其他优良品种兔.聚类结果表明:Vc-Ⅰ系獭兔与Vc-Ⅱ系獭兔亲缘关系最近,与日本大耳兔、青紫蓝兔亲缘关系较近,与新西兰兔亲缘关系最远,这与Vc獭兔育种事实相符.在Sat4和Sat8座位分别检测出了一条Vc獭兔所特有的条带,从而为进一步研究Vc獭兔的遗传特性打下良好的基础.

Study on Population Genetic Variation with Microsatellite Marker in Domestic Rabbit

microsatellite loci of European Oryctolagus Cuniculus were used to analyse the population genetic variation among 5 breeds or strains of domestic rabbit population. The result show that both the PIC and the heterozygosity in Vc-II Rex rabbit population were the highest (0.552 6 and 0.620 2), while both in New Zealand population were the lowest (0.451 5 and 0.526 1), which indicated that the genetic variation was greater in Vc-II Rex rabbit population, and smaller in New Zealand population. But on the whole, the difference of genetic variation among five breeds or strains of rabbit populations were not obvious, Which gave the information that the genetic performance of Vc Rex rabbit approached the level of famous foreign rabbit breeds. The result of cluster displayed that the population whose relationship was the nearest to Vc-I Rex rabbit population was Vc-II Rex rabbit population, followed by Japanese Giant Ear population and Chinchilla population and New Zealand population was the furthest one to Vc-I Rex rabbit population in relationship, which conformed to the fact of the Vc Rex rabbit breeding history. In addition,one characteristic fragment of Vc Rex rabbit was obtained by Sat4 and Sat8 respectively, which made a good base for the study on the genetic property of Vc Rex rabbit.