猪流感诊断方法研究进展

猪流感即猪流行性感冒,是由正黏病毒科A型流感病毒引起的一种急性呼吸道传染病。其特征为突发,高热,精神沉郁,食欲废绝,呼吸困难,阵发性咳嗽。猪流感的病死率不高,病猪可康复。近年来,随着集约化养猪规模的不断扩大,猪流感对养猪业构成了较大的威胁。此外,猪流感在人流感和禽流感之间发挥着关键性作用,具有重要的公共卫生意义。自1918年首次报道以来,猪流感一直受到人们的广泛关注。研究快速、科学、准确的诊断方法,对于本病的检测和控制具有重要的意义。除常规的临床症状及病理变化诊断外,流感的确诊依赖于实验室诊断方法。文章从病原学、血清学和分子生物学等几个方面对该病的诊断研究进展做了综述。

Progress on the Diagnostic Method of Swine Influenza

Swine influenza(SI) is a virus disease of pigs caused by a Swine influenza virus from the influenza A viruses family.The clinical signs of SI are typical flu-like symptoms.The pigs will develop a fever,nasal and ocular discharge,severe spasms of coughing and appear lethargic and become anorectic.SI is also a zoonosis for which pigs may act as an intermediate host and "mixing vessel" for genetic reassortment between human and avian viruses.Because of its serious economic loss and implication in public health,it has been put into intensive attention since its first report in 1918.Rapid and sensitive diagnosis method is beneficial to control eruption of SI.SI can be diagnosed primarily based on clinical signs and histopathological lesions,but the definite diagnosis depends on laboratory methods to make exactly diagnosis.This paper gives a presentation of the diagnostic method advances based on virus isolation,serology,molecular biology.