雌雄异株植物生长释放/抑制判定及其气候解释

利用树轮学方法,以长白山雌雄异株植物红豆杉、山杨和水曲柳为研究对象,通过判定雌雄异株树种生长释放/抑制事件及其与气候因子的关系,以期揭示物种属性和性别因素对树木生长释放/抑制事件的影响及其对气候响应机制的差异性。结果表明:3种雌雄植株的生长释放事件大多发生在幼龄阶段,生理特征差异也可能导致不同雌雄植株发生生长释放事件的时间和频率存在一定差异性。性别因素对山杨和红豆杉雌雄植株的生长释放存在显著影响,山杨雌株和红豆杉雄株对外界环境干扰更为敏感,水曲柳雌雄株对环境干扰的响应差异不明显;山杨更易受到外界环境干扰发生生长释放事件;水曲柳植株发生生长释放/抑制事件可能与林窗干扰有关。红豆杉和山杨的生长释放事件与气候因子具有显著相关关系,红豆杉雄株与温度、降水则存在显著正相关关系(P0.05),山杨雄株与温度、降水则存在显著负相关关系(P0.05),山杨雌株与降水呈显著负相关关系(P0.05),植株的生长释放/抑制事件对气候的响应与树木径向生长--逐月气候因子的关系有所不同。因此应当考虑生长--气候因子之间的非线性关系以及物种和性别因素对生长--气候关系的影响,以期完善植株生长对气候的响应机制。 

Determination and climatic response of growth release/inhibition of diecious species

With diecious species of Populus davidiana, Fraxinus mandshurica and Taxaceae chinense in Changbai Mountains of northeastern China as research objects, the relationships between growth release/inhibition of diecious species and climatic factors were determined to reveal the effects of species'properties and gender on the growth release/inhibition and the differences on climate response mechanism by tree ring method. Results showed that the growth release/inhibition of 3 tree species occurred in the period of young age. The physiological differences might cause the diversities on the frequency and time of growth release/inhibition. The gender significantly influenced the growth release/inhibition of P. davidiana and T. chinense. The female P. davidiana and the male T. chinense were much sensitive to environmental disturbance. There was no obvious difference in the growth release/inhibition between male and female of F. mandshurica. Among 3 diecious species, the growth release of P. davidiana much easily occurred by environmental disturbance. The F. mandshurica growth event was possibly related to forest gap disturbance. The growth release/inhibition of P. davidiana and T. chinense were significantly correlated with climatic factors. The growth of male T. chinense was in significantly positive correlation with temperature and precipitation ( P <0.05 ) , and however negatively for male P. davidiana ( P <0.05). The growth of female P. davidiana was in significantly negative correlation with precipitation ( P<0.05 ) . The response of growth release/inhibition to climate was different from the relationship between radial growth and monthly climatic factors. Therefore we should consider the non-linear relation of radial growth-climatic factor and the effect of species' properties and gender on the relationships between growth-climate for improving the response mechanism of trees to climate.