12种挺水植物对模拟污水的净化作用

通过室内盆栽试验，研究12种北京地区常见多年生挺水植物在不同水力停留时间对模拟污染水质的净化作用。结果表明各试验植物对TN和TP的净化作用随水力停留时间的延长而提高。水力停留时间为30d时，除花叶菖蒲和小香蒲外，各植物对总氮去除率在95％以上，对总磷去除率在85％以上，较无植物空白差异显著。试验期间，千屈菜、黄菖蒲和菰对N，P元素的吸收对三者生物量增加有显著影响。综合考虑净化速率和最终净化率，千屈菜、野慈姑和黄菖蒲对总磷的净化效果尤为突出。菖蒲、野慈姑和芦苇对总氮净化效果位于前3位。菖蒲和千屈菜与其他植物相比对氮磷浓度较高的污水具有净化优势。

Studies on Simulated Sewage Purification by Means of Twelve Emerging Hydrophytes

Pot-culture experiments were conducted to study the effects of twelve Beijing local perennial emerging hydrophytes on purifying simulated sewage under different hydraulic retention times.Results showed that the purification effect on total nitrogen and total phosphorus in sewage increased with hydraulic retention time.When hydraulic retention time was 30 days,all hydrophytes on TN removal rate were more than 95% and TP removal rate were more than 85% except Acorus calamus’Variegatus’ and Typha minima Funk.Compared with control,all hydrophytes had different significances.During the experiment period,Lythrum salicaria L.,Iris pseudacorus L.and Zizania latifolia(Griseb.) Turcz.ex Stapf.s absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus had great contribution to their increases of biomasses.Considering the purge rate and content variation,Lythrum salicaria L.,Sagittaria trifolia L.,Iris pseudacorus L.s purifying effects on TP were particularly prominent;Acorus calamus L.,Sagittaria trifolia L.,Pragmites australis(Cav.)Trin.exsteud.’s purifying effects on TN were in top three among twelve hydrophytes.Compared with other plants,Acorus calamus L.and Lythrum salicaria L.had advantages on nitrogen and total phosphorus in sewage.