河南省小麦主推品种对两种禾谷孢囊线虫的抗性及其评价方法

通过室内人工接种和田间自然病圃鉴定，以单株白雌虫数法、相对抗病指数法和繁殖系数法评价河南省47个主推的小麦品种对燕麦孢囊线虫Heterodera avenae荥阳群体和菲利普孢囊线虫H. filipjevi许昌群体的抗性。室内人工接种条件下，依据单株白雌虫数评价，所有小麦品种对两种孢囊线虫均表现感病或高度感病；但依据相对抗病指数评价，有4个品种(太空6号、新麦11、中育6号和新麦18)对H. avenae表现抗病，其余品种表现中度以上感病。田间病圃鉴定条件下，依据单株白雌虫数评价，太空6号和新麦18对H. avenae表现高抗，中育6号、新麦11等10个品种表现中抗，其余品种均表现为感病或高感；中育6号和太空6号对H. filipjevi表现高抗，偃展4110、濮麦9号和豫农201表现中抗，其余品种均表现感病。依据相对抗病指数评价，太空6号对H. avenae表现高抗，新麦18、中育6号和新麦11表现抗病；中育6号、太空6号对H. filipjevi表现高抗，偃展4110、濮麦9号、豫农201、豫农949表现抗病。依据繁殖系数P_f /P_i评价，太空6号、新麦11、中育6号和新麦18对H. avenae表现抗病，太空6号、中育6号、濮麦9号和濮优938对H. filipjevi表现抗病，其余品种表现感病。3种方法的抗性评价结果不完全相同，相对抗病指数法与单株白雌虫数量法的评价结果在一定程度上有一致性，可部分克服因感病程度悬殊而导致评价不一致的问题，因而可作为小麦品种抗禾谷孢囊线虫新的鉴定方法。

Resistance to Two Species of Cereal Cyst Nematode and Its Evaluation Methods in 47 Major Wheat Cultivars in Henan Province,China

Resistance to cereal cyst nematode (CCN) is an important breeding target in wheat. In this study, we evaluated the resistance to CCN Xingyang population (Heterodera avenae) and Xuchang population (H. filipjevi) in 47 wheat cultivars from Henan Province, China through greenhouse and field tests. The CCN resistance was evaluated by the methods of average number of white female per plant, relative resistance index (RRI) and P_f /P_i ratio. All cultivars were susceptible to H. avenae and H. filipjevi evaluated by average number of white female per plant after artificial inoculation in greenhouse. However, Taikong 6, Xinmai 11, Zhongyu 6, and Xinmai 18 showed resistance to H. avenae based on RRI evaluation. In field test, when evaluated with average number of white female per plant, there were a few resistant cultivars, including Taikong 6 and Xinmai 18 with high resistance and 10 cultivars (such as Zhongyu 6 and Xinmai 11) with moderate resistance to H. avenae, and Zhongyu 6 and Taikong 6 with high resistance and three cultivars (Yanzhan 4110, Pumai 9, and Yunong 201) with moderate resistance to H. filipjevi. The result of RRI evaluation showed that Taikong 6 was highly resistant to H. avenae, and Xinmai 18, Zhongyu 6 and Xinmai 11 were resistant to H. avenae; Zhongyu 6 and Taikong 6 were highly resistant to H. filipjevi and 4 cultivars (Yanzhan 4110, Pumai 9, Yunong 201, and Yunong 949) were resistant to H. filipjevi. Using P_f /P_iratio as the evaluation index, four cultivars (Taikong 6, Xinmai 11, Zhongyu 6, and Xinmai 18) were resistant to H. avenae, and four cultivars (Taikong 6, Zhongyu 6, Pumai 9, and Puyou 938) were resistant to H. filipjevi. The resistance evaluation based on RRI method was partially identical to that based on white female number per plant method, and RRI method has the advantage to reduce the great evaluation error among susceptible cultivars. This method can be considered in CCN resistance evaluation in wheat.