普通菜豆基因组SSR标记开发及在豇豆和小豆中的通用性分析

分子标记具种属间通用性可提高其利用效率，并降低标记开发成本。本研究基于Roche 454超高通量测序技术获得普通菜豆基因组测序结果，共开发了560个普通菜豆基因组SSR标记。利用2份普通菜豆品种对标记进行初步筛选，有421个标记能够有效扩增。用新开发的标记分析16份豇豆和16份小豆的通用性。结果显示，185个普通菜豆基因组SSR标记在豇豆中能有效扩增，通用性比率为43.9%；161个SSR标记在小豆中能有效扩增，通用性比率为38.2%；在豇豆和小豆中都能获得有效扩增条带的标记共138个；并且普通菜豆基因序列SSR标记在豇豆和小豆中的通用性比率高于基因间序列SSR标记。通用性标记的多态性分析表明，豇豆和小豆的多态性比率分别为34.0%和24.8%；且豇豆和小豆中基因间标记的多态性都比基因内标记的多态性高。上述通用性标记为豇豆属作物的多样性评价、连锁图谱的构建及基因定位等方面的研究提供了便利。

Development of Genomic SSR Markers in Common Bean and Their Transferability in Cowpea and Adzuki Bean

Transferability analysis of molecular markers has significantly improved their development efficiency and reduced their development cost. A total of 560 novel SSR markers were successfully developed based on common bean genomic sequences, and 421 (75.2%) of those markers generated effective amplification bands from two accessions of the cultivated common bean. Two Vigna species, cowpea and adzuki bean were used to test the transferability and polymorphism of new genomic markers. The results indicated that the transferability rate of common bean genomic-SSR in cowpea and adzuki bean was 43.9% and 38.2%, and the ratio of polymorphism SSR markers in the crops was 34.0% and 24.8%, respectively. A total of 138 common bean genomic-SSR primers were detected to be highly transferable between two species of Vigna. In addition, the diversity of transferability gene-SSR markers was higher for cowpea and adzuki bean than that of intergenic regions-SSR. These transferable markers are useful for further genetic diversity analysis, genetic linkage map construction, quantitative trait loci annotation, genetic evolution and marker-assisted selection in Vigna species because of their multi-allelic nature, reproducibility, co-dominant inheritance, high abundance in genome.