甘肃省近50 a干旱灾情研究

利用甘肃省近50a的旱灾统计资料,分析旱灾的分布及变化规律,揭示重大旱灾的基本事实,总结出甘肃旱灾的基本特征,提出旱灾的防御对策。

Study on Drought Disasters in Gansu Province since Recent 50 Years

Gansu Province is located in the juncture of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Loess Plateau and Mongolia Plateau, and the landforms include the alpine zones, plateaus, valleys, basins, hills, plains, sand deserts, Gobi deserts, etc. In Gansu Province, the characteristics of continental climate are significant, such as the little precipitation, high annual temperature difference and diurnal-nocturnal temperature difference, strong solar radiation and sufficient sunshine. The proportion of meteorological disasters occupies 88.5% of the total natural disasters, which is 18.5% higher than the average in China, in which drought disasters are dominant and their proportion occupies over 70% of the meteorological disasters. In this paper, the distribution and change of drought disasters in Gansu Province are analyzed based on the statistical data of drought disasters since recent 50 years, and the basic laws of drought occurrence are revealed. Finally, some measures are put forward for reducing drought disasters, they are to enhance the research on the monitoring and prediction of drought disasters, improve the ecology and environment, optimize the agriculture structure, develop the rational distribution of crop planting, spread the rainwater collection and water-saving farming, implement the artificial precipitation, etc.