棉花高产水氮耦合效应研究

[目的]研究水肥耦合效应对棉花生长的影响,探讨棉花最佳水氮配比.[方法]通过田间试验,设置9个水氮处理组合,研究灌水量、施肥量与棉花产量的回归方程.[结果]膜下滴灌水氮效应与产量的方程为Y=-10 558.6+2.933 N+7.16 W-0.000 202 W×N-0.004 01 N2-0.000 775 W2,水氮耦合效应与棉花经济效益的方程为Y=-50 682+10.167 N+34.21 W-0.009 696 W×N-0.019 24 N2-0.003 72 W2;通过方程计算得到棉花的理论最高产量为6 279 kg/hm2,施氮量和灌水量分别为246 kg/hm2和4 588.5 m3/hm2;棉花的理论最高经济效益为28 402.5元/hm2,施氮量和灌水量分别为149.25 kg/hm2和4 578.8 m3/hm2;在新疆膜下滴灌栽培条件下,棉花生产最低需水量为1 842 m3/hm2.[结论]棉花滴灌条件下,合理的灌水和施肥组合可以获得高产,提高经济效益.

A Study on Water and Nitrogen Effect of High-yielding Cotton

【Objective】Effect of water and nitrogen on cotton growth,and the best design of water and nitrogen proportion were researched.【Method】A field experiment was carried out to study the regression equation of water-fertilizer and cotton under 9 water and nitrogen fertilizer combinations in Xinjiang.【Result】The theoretical maximum yield of cotton was 6 279 kg/hm2 by calculated equation,nitrogen and irrigation water quantity were 246 kg/hm2 and 4 588.5 m3/hm2 respectively;the theoretical maximum economic benefits was 28 402.5 $/hm2,nitrogen and irrigation water quantity were 149.25 kg/hm2 and 4 578.8 m3/hm2 respectively.Furthermore,the lowest irrigation water quantity of cotton growth was 1 842 m3/hm2 under film drip irrigation in Xinjiang.【Conclusion】These results suggest that by the right water and nitrogen proportion it could get high yield,and increase economic benefits.