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Gas-exchange responses of rose plants to CO2 enrichment and light
Authors:M Baille  R Romero-Aranda  A Baille
Institution:1. Institut Fran?ais de l’Horticulture et du Paysage, Station de Nice,, 06201 Nice Cedex 3, France;2. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité de Bioclimatologie, 84914 Avignon Cedex 9, France
Abstract:Summary

This paper describes the response of gas exchange rates and water use efficiency of rose plants, by means of the characterization in situ and the analysis of the response of photosynthesis, transpiration and water use efficiency of whole plants to CO2 enrichment under the irradiance conditions prevailing in greenhouses of southern France. Net CO2 assimilation (An) and transpiration (E) of whole rose plants (Rosa hybrida, cv. Sonia) were measured during winter and spring periods. The response of An to light and CO2 were fitted to a double hyperbola function (r2 = 0.84). Maximum net assimilation rate (Anmax), light and CO2 utilization efficiencies (α1, αc) as well as light and CO2 compensation points (Γ1 , Γc) were calculated for the whole plant and compared with leaf and canopy data in the literature. The whole-plant characteristics generally had values intermediate between those related to leaf and canopy. Light saturation at sub-ambient air CO2 concentration (Ca) was reached for relatively low PFFD values (300 µmol m?2 s?1), whereas at ambient and enriched Ca light saturation occurs for PPFD ≈ 1000 µmol m?2 s?1. Doubling Ca from 350 to 700 µmol mol?1 increased Anmax and α1 by respectively 40% and 30%, while reducing Γ1 by 27%. A threefold increase of Ca from 350 to 1050 µmol mol?1 induced a reduction of 20% of E. Instantaneous transpirational water use efficiency, WUE (=An/E), is relatively insensitive to PPFD, although a slight decrease with PPFD is observed at high CO2 concentration, but shows marked variations with Ca and leaf to air vapour pressure defiçit (D1). Increase of Ca from 350 to 1000 µmol mol?1 gave about 50% increase in WUE. Increase of D1 from 0 to 2 kPa induced 30% decrease in WUE at ambient Ca and 50% decrease at 1000 µmol mol?1.
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