高寒地区紫花苜蓿农艺性状与产量形成关系的多重分析

对15份紫花苜蓿（Medicago sativa L.）种质的8个农艺性状与产量的形成关系进行多重分析.结果表明：①紫花苜蓿主要农艺性状的变异系数达15.08％～38.76％,且茎粗（0.8538）、单株分支数（0.8432）、主枝侧枝数（0.6341）、节间长（0.9259）、茎叶比（0.6848）和株高（0.5952）与产量呈（极）显著正相关.②通径分析显示：8个农艺性状对产量直接作用大小的顺序依次为：单株分支数＞主枝侧枝数＞节间数＞叶长宽比＞茎粗＞节间长＞株高＞茎叶比.③主成分与回归分析显示,单株分支数、主枝侧枝数、节间数和叶长宽比4个农艺性状对产量形成的贡献最大,是构成产量的主要因素.④筛选评比发现,普拉蒂尼、三得利和游客这3种紫花苜蓿在天祝高寒地区适应性强,草产量高,适合在全县大面积推广种植.

Multiple Analysis of Relationship of Agronomic Traits and Yield Formation in Medicago Sativa L in Apline Area

Yield and eight agronomic traits were studied in15 Medicago sativa L. accessions by Multiple Analysis. The results showed that the variation coefficient of agronomic traits of Medicago sativa L. reached 15.08%- 38.76%, and the yield had a extremely significant or significant correlation with stem diameter, branch number of single strain, lateral branch number, Internode length, Stem/Leaf and Plant height. Direct path coefficients between traits and yield were ranked as branch number of single strain〉lateral branch number〉Internode number〉Length/width of leaf〉Stem diameter〉Internode length 〉Plant height〉Stem/Leaf. Mean while, principal component and regression analysis showed that four agronomic traits including branch number of single strain, lateral branch number, Internode number and Length/width of leaf are mainly factors which produced yield variation of Medicago sativa L. This study showed that three alfalfa varieties （Platini, Platini,Sanditi,Eureka）performed well in alpine region of Tianzhu, and agronomic characters were obviously higher than other varieties. So,we suggested that three alfalfa varieties were suitable for establishing the pasture in the alpine pastoral areas.