江苏沿海对虾死亡的病原学研究

本课题对1993、1994年我国养殖对虾暴发性死亡进行了病原学研究。从发病对虾体内分离到3种弧菌;病理切片发现肝胰脏细胞浆中有椭圆形包涵体;超薄切片显示发病对虾肝胰脏中有大量长300nm左右,宽60nm左右的杆状病毒,包涵体中有许多完整的杆状病毒及无核酸的杆状空壳;差速离心样品沉淀中有杆状病毒;NP—40处理后蔗糖垫离心,负染后可见脱去套膜的杆状核衣壳;肝胰脏样品离心取上清,分子筛分离,电镜下见到纯化的杆状病毒。回归试验证明,3种弧菌对对虾均不致病,纯化病毒及除菌样品和未处理样品均引起对虾死亡。试验中还发现,攻毒过程中通气对发病过程有显著的延缓作用。

THE ETIOLOGY STUDIES ON THE DIED PRAWN IN THE COASTAL AREAS OF JIANGSU

The outbreak death of cultured Prawn in 1993 and 1994 was studied in this research. Three Vibrios were isolated. Elliptical cytoplasmic inclusions were found in hepatopancreas. There were a lot of baculoviruses measured 300 nm in length, 60 nm in diameter. Many complete viruses, and vacant capsids were observed in the inclusion. Baculoviruses were found in the pellets of ultracentrifugation, and baculo - capsids were observed atfer sucrose cushion centrifugation treated with NP - 40. Purified baculovirus was gain after the chromatography of supernatant. The three vibrios had no pathogenicity to prawn, but filtered and unfiltered samples and purified virus caused prawn death. It was also found that aerate lightened the diease course greatly.