青海黄河龙羊峡—积石峡段水库鲑鳟鱼网箱养殖容量估算

为促进高原鲑鳟鱼网箱养殖产业可持续发展,2013~2017年,对黄河龙羊峡—积石峡段干流及其主要鲑鳟鱼网箱养殖的6座水库设置监测点连续开展水质等环境监测,分析监测水域氮、磷等含量,确定磷为水体营养物的限制性因子,并以磷的排放量为主要指标,以《地表水环境质量标准》(GB3838-2002)Ⅱ类水质标准确定水体允许的最高磷浓度,运用Dillon-Rigler模型综合考虑其它因素,初次估算各水库的理论养殖容量。测算结果为:青海沿黄开展养殖的6座水库网箱养殖容量限定为3万t,其中龙羊峡水库养殖限量2万t,其余水库共限量1万t;上述水库可设置网箱面积50hm^2,网箱养殖面积占总水面0.1%。

The aquaculture capacity to cage culture of trout in reservoirs from Gorge Longyangxia to Gorge Jishixia in Qinghai Reach

In order to promote the sustainable development of highland trout cage farming,water quality had been monitored in 6 reservoirs in the main stream of Yellow River along Gorge Longyangxia to Gorge Jishixia during 2013 to 2017.The contents of nitrogen and phosphorus in the water areas were monitored and analyzed,and the phosphorus was determined to be the limiting factor of nutrients in water,so phosphorus emission was considered as the main indicator for estimation of aquaculture capacity of the above reservoirs.According to class Ⅱ in the Standard of Surface Water Environmental Quality(GB 3838-2002),the maximum allowable phosphorus concentration in water was determined.Dillon-Rigler model was used to consider other factors,and the theoretical breeding capacity of each reservoir was estimated for the first time.The results showed that,the cage farming capacity of 6 reservoirs along the Yellow River in Qinghai was limited to 30,000 tons,among which the capacity of Longyangxia Reservoir was limited to 20,000 tons,while that of the others was limited to 10,000 tons.The cage area in these reservoirs along Yellow River in Qinghai can be set up to 50 hm^2,which accounts for 0.1% of the total water area.