动物性食品中抗菌药物残留检测方法研究进展

抗菌类药物在预防、治疗动物疾病中发挥了重要的作用,但不规范用药、超剂量用药甚至滥用,使动物性食品中抗菌类药物残留问题日益突出,引起人们的广泛关注。对动物性食品中抗菌类药物残留的检测是判定其安全性的重要内容,根据检测的目的和需要,可将检测方法分为现场检测和实验室检测。胶体金免疫层析法是目前使用最广的现场检测方法;实验室检测方法众多,又可分为抗菌类药物残留的定性检测法和定量检测法,前者主要包括2,3,5-三苯基氯化四氮唑法（TTC法）、纸片法（PD法）、活性检测法等,后者主要包括高效液相色谱法、液相色谱-质谱联用法、超高效液相色谱-质谱联用法、毛细管电泳法、生物传感器法和免疫分析法等,可满足不同检测目的和实验条件的需要。作者对肉、蛋、奶中抗菌类药物残留的现场检测和实验室检测技术进行了总结,为更进一步研究快速、敏感、高通量、成本低廉的食品中抗菌类药物残留检测方法奠定理论基础。

Research Advance on Detection Methods of Antibacterial Residues in Animal Food

Antibacterial drugs have played an important role in the prevention and treatment of animal diseases.However,non-standard and over-dose drug use and even abuse have made the antibacterial drug residues in animal foods increasingly prominent,causing widespread concern.The detection of antimicrobial drug residues is an important part for animal foods safety.According to the purpose and needs of the detection,it can be divided into on-site testing and laboratory testing.Colloidal gold immunechromatography is the most widely used on-site detection method.In addition,there are many laboratory detection methods,which can be divided into qualitative detection methods and quantitative detection methods for antibacterial drug residues.The former mainly includes 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride method (TTC method), paper method (PD method) and activity detection method,etc.The latter mainly includes high performance liquid chromatography,liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry,ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry,capillary electrophoresis,biosensor and immunoassay,etc.These techbiques can meet the needs of different testing purposes and experimental conditions.In this article,the authors summarized the on-site detection and laboratory detection techniques of antibacterial residues in meat,eggs and milk which could lay a solid foundation to further study the rapid,sensitive,high-throughput and low-cost detection of antimicrobial drug residues in food.