浅谈氮肥施用量对结球生菜品质、产量以及土壤养分的影响

试验设5个处理，3次重复。处理1（T1）：不施有机肥，不施氮肥，此处理为对照处理；处理2（T2）：有机肥每667 m2 1000kg，不施用氮肥；处理3（T3）：有机肥每667 m2 1000kg，氮肥全生育期施用纯量每667 m2 9kg ；处理4（T4）：有机肥每667 m2 1000kg，氮肥全生育期施用纯量每667 m2 18kg；处理5（T5）：有机肥每667 m2 1000kg，氮肥全生育期施用纯量每667 m2 27kg；不施用有机肥和氮肥的情况下，生菜产量较低，品质下降。施用有机肥后，能够增加生菜产量，提高生菜品质。处理4生菜经济产量处理最高，为每667 m2 2582.59kg，与处理5、处理3差异不显著，处理5生菜硝酸盐及总酸含量最高，分别为202.55mg·kg-1、0.062%；处理4 Vc和可溶性固形物含量最高，分别为4.19g·100g-1、3.5%。不施用有机肥和氮肥的情况下，土壤养分有机质及碱解氮含量较种植前相比，有所降低，有效磷及速效钾含量也低于其他处理，处理2和处理3的土壤养分含量高于其他处理。结合目前生菜种植普遍施用有机肥施的情况下，全生育期氮肥用量纯量每667 m2 18kg，是目前结球生菜种植较为适宜的量。

Effects of Nitrogen Application on quality, yield and soil nutrients of lettuce

Five treatments were set up in the experiment and repeated for three times. Treatment 1 (T1): no organic fertilizer, no nitrogen fertilizer, this treatment is a control treatment; treatment 2 (T2): 1000 kg/667 m2 organic fertilizer, no nitrogen fertilizer; treatment 3 (T3): 1000 kg/667 m2 organic fertilizer, 9 kg /667 m2 nitrogen fertilizer in the whole growth period; treatment 4 (T4): 1000 kg/667 m2 organic fertilizer, 18 kg/667 m2 nitrogen fertilizer in the whole growth period; treatment 5 (T5): 1000 kg/667 m2 organic fertilizer, 27 kg/667 m2 nitrogen fertilizer in the whole growth period The yield of lettuce was lower and its quality was lower without applying organic fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer. The application of organic fertilizer can increase the output and quality of lettuce. Treatment 4 had the highest economic yield, 2582.59 kg/667 m2, which was not significantly different from treatment 5 and treatment 3. Treatment 5 had the highest nitrate and total acid content, 202.55mg·kg-1 and 0.062% respectively. Treatment 4 had the highest content of 4 Vitamin C and soluble solids, 4.19g·100g-1 and 3.5% respectively. Without the application of organic fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer, the content of soil nutrient organic matter and alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen was lower than that before planting, the content of available phosphorus and available potassium was lower than that of other treatments, and the content of soil nutrient in treatment 2 and 3 was higher than that of other treatments. Combined with the current situation that organic fertilizer is widely used in lettuce planting, the pure amount of nitrogen fertilizer used in the whole growth period is 18 kg/667 m2, which is more suitable for lettuce planting at present.