SMAD3基因在畜牧生产中的应用研究进展

SMAD3基因是SMADS基因家族成员之一,其编码的SMAD3蛋白是转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)超家族特异的细胞内信号转导分子,SMAD3基因通过TGF-β超家族参与疾病、免疫调节、生长发育、创伤愈合、软骨与骨骼的发育及维持等重要的生理过程,同时还参与调节生殖细胞的增殖、分化、成熟、黏附、闭锁、凋亡和甾体激素的产生等,因此,了解SMAD3基因的结构与功能对动物生长发育、繁殖等研究具有重要意义。文章简述了SMAD3基因结构、功能、作用机理,分析了其在畜牧生产方面相关的应用研究进展发现,目前SMAD3基因在畜牧生产上的应用研究主要集中在参与调控脊椎动物(猪、牛、羊、鸡等)生长、发育、细胞免疫与凋亡、激素分泌及繁殖功能方面;SMAD3基因在调控动物机体疾病发生、生长发育、脂肪沉积及繁殖性能方面仍是国内外研究的热点,而该基因对畜禽疾病发生、生长和繁殖性能的精确分子调控机制仍有待进一步研究。

Application Research Progress of SMAD3 Gene in Livestock Production

SMAD3 gene is one of the members of the SMADs gene family,and the SMAD3 protein which encoded by SMAD3 gene,is the special intracellular signal transduction molecule of TGF-β super gene family.Not only SMAD3 gene participates in regulating many aspects of important physiological processes via the superfamily of TGF-β,such as disease,immune regulation,growth and development,wound healing,development and maintenance of cartilages and bones,but also involves in regulating physiological activities in animal,for example,the proliferation,differentiation,maturation,adhesion,atresia,apoptosis of germ cells,and secretion of steroid hormone.Therefore,it's of great significance to understand the structure and function of SMAD3 gene for the researches relating to animal growth,development and reproduction.This review sketched the structure,function,mechanism of SMAD3 gene,and analysized its research progress of the application in livestock production.It showed that a large number of researches about the application of SMAD3 gene in animal production was mainly focus on aspects of growth regulation,development,cell immunity and apoptosis,hormone secretion and reproductive performance of vertebrate (pigs,cattle,sheep,chickens,etc).Regulations of SMAD3 gene in disease,growth and development,fat deposition and reproductive performance were still hot in domestic and abroad.However,the precise molecular regulation mechanism of this gene on disease occurrence,growth and reproductive performance remains to be further researched.