添加剂对籽粒苋与豆粕混合青贮品质的影响

为了评价不同添加剂对籽粒苋与豆粕混合青贮品质的影响,在72%籽粒苋与28%豆粕混合青贮中分别添加糖蜜、乳酸菌、纤维素复合酶、糖蜜+乳酸菌、糖蜜+纤维素复合酶、乳酸菌+纤维素复合酶、糖蜜+乳酸菌+纤维素复合酶;以等量水为空白对照组,青贮30 d后进行开包取样并分析各项指标。结果表明,添加糖蜜、糖蜜+乳酸菌、糖蜜+纤维素复合酶或糖蜜+乳酸菌+纤维素复合酶处理组均较对照改善了籽粒苋与豆粕混合青贮的发酵品质和营养品质,显著降低了pH值、干物质损失率、洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤木质素含量,显著提高了可溶性碳水化合物含量和相对饲用价值(P<0.05)。乳酸菌、纤维素复合酶及乳酸菌+纤维素复合酶处理组pH值、洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤木质素含量均显著高于对照(P<0.05)。综合评价,建议籽粒苋与豆粕混合青贮时添加糖蜜或复合添加糖蜜与乳酸菌或纤维素复合酶。

Effects of additives on the quality of mixed silage of amaranth and soybean meal

The effects of different additives on the quality of mixed silage of amaranth and soybean meal were investigated. Amaranth and soybean meal mixed in a 72%∶28% ratio were used as the silage substrate with seven different additive treatments: molasses, lactic acid bacteria, cellulose complex enzyme, molasses and lactic acid bacteria, molasses and cellulose complex enzyme, lactic acid bacteria and cellulose complex enzyme, molasses and lactic acid bacteria and cellulose complex enzyme, together with a control treatment where an equal amount of water to the additive treatments was applied. After being ensiled for 30 days, the samples were opened and analyzed. It was found that the fermentation quality and nutritional quality of the mixed whole amaranth-soybean meal silages were improved compared to control, when the additives molasses, molasses and lactic acid bacteria, molasses and cellulose complex enzyme or molasses and lactic acid bacteria and cellulose complex enzyme were used. The pH value, dry matter loss, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and acid detergent lignin (ADL) levels were significantly (P<0.05) reduced with these additives, and the water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) content and relative feed value (RFV) were significantly improved (P<0.05). The treatments incorporating lactic acid bacteria, cellulose complex enzyme or lactic acid bacteria and cellulose complex enzyme were not ideal, and their pH value, and NDF and ADF content were all higher than the control group (P<0.05). Considering all the data, addition of molasses or molasses and lactic acid bacteria or molasses and cellulose complex enzyme to mixed whole amaranth and soybean meal silage is suggested as optimal.