玉米赤霉烯酮对后备母猪子宫和卵巢抗氧化和炎症指标及相关基因表达的影响

试验旨在研究玉米赤霉烯酮（zearalenone，ZEA）对后备母猪子宫和卵巢抗氧化和炎症指标及相关基因表达的影响。选择胎次和体重（（23.20±0.68）kg）相近的长×大二元后备母猪48头，随机分为4组，每组设12个重复，每个重复1头母猪。对照组（CON组）饲喂基础饲粮，试验组（T1、T2、T3组）饲喂在基础饲粮中分别添加200、800、1600 μg·kg^-1ZEA的试验饲粮。预试期7 d，正试期40 d。结果如下：1）与CON组相比，T3组血清T-AOC和SOD活性显著降低（P<0.05），MDA水平显著升高（P<0.05）。2）与CON组相比，子宫组织中，T2和T3组T-AOC活性显著降低（P<0.05），T3组SOD活性极显著降低（P<0.01），卵巢组织中，T3组T-AOC活性、T2组GSH-Px和SOD活性显著降低（P<0.05），T3组MDA水平显著升高（P<0.05）。3）与CON组相比，T2组血清TNF-α和IL-4水平显著升高（P<0.05），T1~T3组血清IL-10水平显著降低（P<0.05）。4）与CON组相比，子宫组织中，T2组IL-1β水平显著升高（P<0.05），T1和T3组IL-10水平显著降低（P<0.05）。卵巢组织中，T2组TNF-α水平显著升高（P<0.05），T1~T3组IL-4水平显著升高（P<0.05）。5）子宫组织中，T3组Cu/Zn-SOD mRNA的相对表达显著低于CON组（P<0.05），T2组IL-1β mRNA的相对表达显著高于CON组（P<0.05）。6）卵巢组织中，T3组GSH-Px mRNA的相对表达显著低于CON组（P<0.05），T2组IL-1β mRNA的相对表达显著高于CON组（P<0.05）。综上所述，ZEA能通过抑制SOD和GSH-Px的表达与合成，降低后备母猪子宫和卵巢的抗氧化性能，并引起氧化应激。ZEA能通过促进TNF-α和IL-1β表达与合成引起子宫和卵巢的炎症反应，抑制IL-10的表达与合成从而抑制两组织的抗炎反应。

Effect of Zearalenone on Uterine and Ovarian Antioxidant and Inflammatory Indexes and Related Gene Expression in Prepubertal Gilts

This study was designed to investigate the effects of zearalenone (ZEA) on the antioxidative and inflammatory indexes and related genes expression of uterus and ovary in prepubertal gilts. A total of 48 Landrace×Yorkshire prepubertal gilts with similar birth parity, breeds and body weight ((23.20±0.68) kg)were randomly divided into 4 groups(12 replicates per group, 1 gilt per replicate). Prepubertal gilts in control group(CON group)were fed a basal diet and those in experimental groups(T1, T2 and T3 groups) were fed test diets supplemented with 200, 800 and 1 600 μg·kg^-1 ZEA in the basal diet, respectively. Pretest lasted for 7 d, and formal test lasted for 40 d. The results showed as follows:1)The serum T-AOC and SOD activity of prepubertal gilts in the T3 group were significantly lower than those in the CON group (P<0.05), and the MDA level was significantly higher than that in the CON group(P<0.05). 2)In the uterine tissues of prepubertal gilts in each group, T-AOC activity in group T2 and T3 significantly decreased than those in the CON group (P<0.05), and the SOD activity in the group T3 extremely significantly decreased than that in the CON group (P<0.01). In the ovarian tissues of prepubertal gilts in each group, the activity of T-AOC in the T3 group and the activity of GSH-Px and SOD in the T2 group were significantly lower than those in the CON group(P<0.05), and MDA level in the T3 group was significantly higher than that in the CON group(P<0.05). 3)The serum TNF-α and IL-4 levels of prepubertal gilts in the T2 group were significantly higher than those in the CON group(P<0.05)and IL-10 levels of prepubertal gilts in T1, T2 and T3 groups were significantly lower than those in the CON group(P<0.05). 4)In the uterine tissues of prepubertal gilts in each group, IL-1β level in the T2 group was significantly higher than that in the CON group(P<0.05), and IL-10 levels in T1 and T3 groups were significantly lower than those in the CON group(P<0.05). In the ovarian tissues of prepubertal gilts in each group, level of TNF-α in the T2 group was significantly higher than that in the CON group(P<0.05), and levels of IL-4 in T1, T2 and T3 groups were significantly higher than those in the CON group(P<0.05). 5)In the uterine tissues of prepubertal gilts in each group, the relative expression of Cu/Z_n-SOD mRNA in the T3 group was significantly lower than that in the CON group(P<0.05), and the relative expression of IL-1β mRNA in the T2 group was significantly higher than that in the CON group(P<0.05). 6)In the ovarian tissues of prepubertal gilts in each group, the relative expressions of GSH-Px mRNA in the T3 group was significantly lower than that in the CON group(P<0.05), and the relative expressions of IL-1β mRNA in the T2 group was significantly higher than that in the CON group(P<0.05). In conclusion, by inhibiting the expression and synthesis of SOD and GSH-Px, ZEA can reduce the antioxidant performance of uterus and ovary of prepubertalgilts and cause oxidative stress. ZEA can also cause inflammatory responses in the uterus and ovary of prepubertal gilts by promoting the expression and synthesis of TNF-α and IL-1β. Inhibition of IL-10 expression and synthesis inhibits the inflammatory response of the uterus and ovary.