早胜牛微卫星多态性及其与生长性状的关联分析

为了更好地了解早胜牛的遗传信息，为早胜牛的选育保种提供理论依据，本试验选取13对微卫星引物，应用PCR扩增和毛细管电泳的方法对48头早胜牛进行遗传多样性分析，并对13个位点不同基因型与早胜牛的初生重、6月龄重、成年体重、体高、体长、胸围和管围7个性状进行关联分析。结果显示，13个微卫星位点平均等位基因数目为9.54，平均有效等位基因数为4.792，平均观测杂合度为0.498，平均期望杂合度为0.783，平均多态信息含量为0.712。关联分析发现，与初生重存在关联的位点有D12S4和D15S10；与6月龄重存在关联的位点有D18S5和D12S4；与成年体重存在关联的位点有D14S31和D11S15；与体高存在关联的位点有D18S5、D15S10和D19S2；与体长存在关联的位点有D15S10、D14S31和D19S2；与胸围存在关联的位点有D18S5、D12S4和D19S2；与管围存在关联的位点有D18S5和D19S2。研究发现，选取的13个位点中存在关联的位点有6个：D18S5、D12S4、D15S10、D14S31、D19S2和D11S15。本试验所选微卫星位点在早胜牛群体中存在较丰富的多态性，并与经济性状具有关联性，可用于早胜牛遗传资源评价及早期选育改良。

Analysis of Microsatellite Polymorphism and Its Association with Growth Traits of Zaosheng Cattle

To better understand the genetic information and provide theoretical basis for the breeding and conservation of Zaosheng cattle,13 pairs of microsatellite primers were used to analyze the genetic diversity by PCR amplification and capillary electrophoresis in 48 Zaosheng cattle.The correlation between different genotypes at 13 microsatellite loci and seven traits (birth weight,6-month-old weight,adult weight,body height,body length,chest circumference and cannon circumference) of Zaosheng cattle were analyzed.The results showed that the average number of alleles at 13 microsatellite polymorphic loci was 9.54,the average effective allele was 4.792,the average observed heterozygosity was 0.498,the average expected heterozygosity was 0.783,and the average polymorphic information content was 0.712.The correlation analysis results showed that D12S4 and D15S10 were correlated with birth weight;D18S5 and D12S4 were correlated with 6-month-old weight;D14S31 and D11S15 were correlated with adult weight;D18S5,D15S10 and D19S2 were correlated with body height;D15S10,D14S31 and D19S2 were correlated with body length;D18S5,D12S4 and D19S2 were correlated with chest circumference;D18S5 and D19S2 were correlated with cannon circumference.This results found that 6 loci (D18S5,D12S4,D15S10,D14S31,D19S2 and D11S15) were associated with the traits of Zaosheng cattle among the selected 13 microsatellite loci.The microsatellite loci selected in this experiment had rich polymorphisms in Zaosheng cattle population,and were associated with economic traits,which could be used for genetic resources evaluation and early breeding improvement of Zaosheng cattle.