2017-2018年黄羽肉鸡饲料营养研究进展

为更好地了解国内外黄羽肉鸡饲料营养的最新研究进展,经查阅并总结了2017-2018年关于黄羽肉鸡饲料营养的国内外文献,旨在为黄羽肉鸡安全、高效养殖提供技术参考。作者主要从黄羽肉鸡营养需要量、饲料添加剂应用技术研究、非常规饲料原料安全高效利用技术研究、饲料原料营养价值评定等几方面进行综述,并指出在黄羽肉鸡饲料营养的应用及研究中应关注以下内容:明确饲料原料中矿物元素、维生素的含量,减少维生素和矿物元素的资源浪费;中草药具有多糖、生物碱、皂甙和有机酸等多种活性成分,建议使用时应合理配伍制成多功能中药添加剂,使其对黄羽肉鸡生产性能、免疫功能等方面都有提高改善作用;益生菌添加剂是一种对黄羽肉鸡养殖有效、绿色环保的添加剂,其中芽孢杆菌和酵母效果较好,两种益生菌组合使用其效果更佳;改进植物性饲料原料的生产工艺以提高其利用率;开发新型的动物性蛋白原料,如蝇蛆和黑水虻等昆虫类动物性蛋白具有安全、绿色环保等优势,是新型动物性蛋白原料的优选。总之,中国的黄羽肉鸡高效养殖技术仍有待进一步的提高,建议完善黄羽肉鸡、种鸡饲养标准,开展更广泛的黄羽肉鸡饲料资源安全高效利用技术研究以及黄羽肉种鸡母体营养对后代肉鸡的影响及其机制。

Research Progress on Feed Nutrition for Yellow-feathered Broilers from 2017 to 2018

In order to study the latest progress of nutriton and feed researches in Yellow-feathered broilers,provide some references,for the safety and efficiency of breeding in Yellow-feathered broilers industry,the authors consulted and summarized the domestic and foreign literature on feed nutrition of Yellow-feathered broilers from 2017 to 2018,mainly reviewed the nutrition requirements of Yellow-feathered broilers,technology of additive application,technology of the safe and efficient use of unconventional feed resources and the evaluation for the nutritive value of feed ingredients.The following points should be paid attention to the application and research:The contents of mineral elements and vitamins in feed materials should be ascertained in order to reduce the waste of vitamins and mineral elements.Chinese herbal medicine had many active ingredients such as polysaccharides,alkaloids,saponins,and organic acids.It was suggested to combine Chinese herbal medicine with different functions in a reasonable way.Probiotics additive was an effective and green additive for Yellow-feathered broiler chickens,in which Bacillus and yeast were effective,and the combination of two probiotics was more effective.In general,the efficient breeding techniques of Yellow-feathered broilers still should be developed.The utilization rate could be improved by improving the production process of plant feed raw materials.It was a trend to develop new animal protein raw materials.Insect animal protein such as fly maggot and black soldier fly had the advantages of safety,environmental protection,and which was the preferred choice of new animal protein feed materials.In general,the efficient breeding technology of Yellow-feathered broiler needs to be further improved,it included the following aspects:perfecting the breeding standards of Yellow-feathered broiler and breeding chickens;More extensive researches on the safe and efficient use of feed resources of Yellow-feathered broiler chickens;Study on the effects of maternal nutrition on the offspring of Yellow-feathered broiler chickens.