基于多元数据的夏季鸡舍环境质量评价及其对产蛋性能的影响

蛋鸡舍环境质量直接影响蛋鸡产蛋性能。为探究夏季蛋鸡舍环境质量及其对产蛋性能的影响，研究提出基于多元数据的分析方法，首先采集鸡舍内7类关键环境因子数据，按照热环境、光环境和气体环境分组，再根据改进D-S证据理论规则进行迭代融合，得到蛋鸡舍各检测点环境质量的综合评价结果，进而分析其对产蛋性能的影响。以夏季八层层叠式蛋鸡舍为试验鸡舍开展试验。结果显示：八层层叠式蛋鸡舍下四层的环境质量和平均产蛋率的最优位置均处于鸡舍前端；平均产蛋率最差的位置处于鸡舍中端，该位置环境质量综合评价结果为一般；上四层平均产蛋率最优位置为鸡舍中端，该位置环境质量综合评价结果为适宜；平均产蛋率最差位置和环境质量最差位置均为鸡舍后端（靠近风机端）。在试验鸡舍所有检测点中，平均产蛋率高于86%的检测点，环境质量综合评价结果大都为适宜，平均产蛋率低于86%的检测点，环境质量综合评价结果为一般或差，鸡舍内各检测点环境质量综合评价结果与平均产蛋率的变化趋势高度一致。该研究为准确评价蛋鸡舍环境质量，揭示蛋鸡舍环境质量对产蛋性能的影响提供了一种行之有效的方法。

Environmental quality evaluation of layer house in summer based on multivariate data and its impact on production performance

Environmental quality in layer houses has been one of the most important influencing factors on the health level and production performance of laying hens in the large-scale poultry industry. This study aims to explore the impact of environmental quality of layer houses on the production performance of laying hens in summer. An analytical method was also proposed using multivariate data fusion. Firstly, seven environmental factors were detected, including temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, light, and concentration of CO₂, NH₃, and PM_2.5, according to the thermal, light, and gas environment. Then, the membership function was used to determine the basic probability distribution function of each factor. The correlation coefficient matrix was also utilized to optimize the support and correlation matrix of environmental factors. After that, the environmental factors were weighted and normalized to obtain the credibility matrix and evidence weights. The basic probability distribution functions were achieved in the thermal, light, and gas environment groups. Finally, the improved D-S evidence theory was used to fuse and iterate the basic probability allocation functions of the three groups, in order to evaluate the environmental quality at each detection point of layer house. A comparison was then made to reveal the impact of environmental quality of layer houses on the production performance of laying hens. A validation experiment was conducted in a layer house with eight tiers of battery cages in summer. The experimental results indicated that the best location was achieved in the front on the lower four tiers of the layer house, in terms of the environmental quality and average laying rate. The worst location for average laying rate was in the middle of the layer house with the comprehensive evaluation of environmental quality normal. The best location for the average laying rate on the upper four tiers was in the middle with the comprehensive evaluation of environmental quality suitable, whereas, the location with the worst average laying rate and environmental quality was at the back of layer house. The most suitable one was found in the comprehensive evaluation of environmental quality at detection points with an average laying rate higher than 86%. While the normal was observed lower than 86%. Once the comprehensive evaluation of the environmental quality was suitable, the average laying rate was relatively higher. On the contrary, the average laying rate was lower with the normal comprehensive evaluation of environmental quality. Furthermore, the improved D-S evidence theory can be expected to accurately evaluate the environmental quality, whereas, the D-S evidence theory cannot, particularly when environmental evidence conflicts with each other. The findings can provide an effective way to accurately evaluate the environmental quality of layer houses in summer, in order to clarify the impact of environmental quality of layer houses on the production performance of laying hens.