糯玉米主要性状的遗传规律研究

本文利用选自不同来源的5个糯玉米自交系,用Griffing方法(4)完全双列杂交.研究其株高、茎粗、穗位高、穗长、穗粒重、穗行数、小区产量等15个农艺性状的一般配合力(GCA)、特殊配合力(SCA)和遗传参数.结果表明:除穗长、穗行数的SCA外,其余各性状的GCA和SCA均达显著或极显著水平;穗长、穗行数主要受加性基因控制,其余13个性状同时存在加性基因效应和非加性基因效应,且以加性基因效应为主;在糯玉米的育种中,GCA高的自交系不一定能组配出SCA高的杂交组合,但高SCA的杂交组合中一定有GCA高的亲本.本试验材料中,GCA高的自交系为N9603、N9605、N9606,SCA高的杂交组合为N9605×N9604、N9608×N9606、N9608×N9603。

Study on Genetic Laws of Waxy-maize's Main Characters

With five waxy-maize self-lines which came from different sources,according to the Griffing method (4)(complete diallel crossing),authors have studied the GCA,SCA,and genetic parameter of fifteen waxy-maize agronomic characters including the plant height,stem diameter,ear height,ear length,kernel weight,kernel rows and plot yield,etc.The result shows that the GCA and SCA of all characters are marked or very marked except the SCA of the ear length and kernel rows;all of characters expressed both additive gene action and non-additive gene action except the ear length and kernel rows which are mainly controlled by additive gene;In the waxy-maize breeding,the high GCA self-lines must not hybridize the high SCA hybridized combinations,but the high SCA hybridized combination must have the high GCA seed parent.Among the experiment materials,N9603,N 9605 and N9606 are high GCA self-lines, N9605×N9604.N9608×N9606 and N9608×N9608 are high SCA hybridized combinations.