不同利用方式对大针茅草原生态系统多功能性的影响

为探究不同利用方式对大针茅(Stipa grandis)草原生态系统多功能性的影响，本研究以大针茅草原为研究对象，比较了刈割、放牧以及围封3种不同草地利用方式下大针茅草原生态系统多功能性的差异及其主要影响因素。结果表明：刈割显著提高了植物群落Shannon-Wiener指数和Margalef指数(P<0.05)；围封和刈割下生态系统多功能性显著高于重度放牧，而且重度放牧显著降低了碳循环指数和氮循环指数(P<0.05)；植物多样性与生态系统多功能性呈显著的正相关关系(P<0.05)，植物多样性与土壤环境因子综合解释了生态系统多功能性72.75%的变化，综合考虑土壤环境因子有利于提高对生态系统多功能性的解释量。综上所述，重度放牧显著降低了生态系统多功能性，导致草地加剧恶化，而刈割在维持较高水平的生态系统多功能性的同时显著提高了植物多样性，因此，与围封和重度放牧相比，刈割下草地恢复状态最佳。

The Effects of Different Management Regimes on the Ecosystem Multifunctionality in Stipa grandis Steppe

This study aimed to explore the effects of different management regimes on the ecosystem multifunctionality in the Stipa grandis steppe in Xilinhot,Inner Mongolia. The S. grandis steppe was selected as the research objects,and different management regimes of the enclosure,mowing,and grazing were set,then we analyzed the differences in ecosystem multifunctionality in the S. grandis steppe under different management regimes,and analyze the relationship between ecosystem multifunctionality and plant diversity and soil environmental factors,thereby determined the main factors influencing ecosystem multifunctionality. The results showed that mowing significantly increased the Shannon-Wiener index and Margalef index (P<0.05);Ecosystem multifunctionality was significantly higher under enclosure and mowing than over-grazing,and over-grazing significantly reduced the carbon cycle index and nitrogen cycle index;There was a positive correlation between plant diversity and ecosystem multifunctionality (P<0.05). Plant diversity and soil environmental factors combined explained 72.75% of the variation in ecosystem multifunctionality,and the combined consideration of soil environmental factors was beneficial to improve the explanation of the ecosystem multifunctionality. In summary,over-grazing significantly reduced ecosystem multifunctionality and increased grassland deterioration,whereas mowing significantly increased plant diversity along maintaining high ecosystem multifunctionality,therefore,the grassland recovered best under mowing compared to fencing and over-grazing.