溴氯海因粉在淡水青虾和养殖水体中的代谢动力学研究

[目、的]研究溴氯海因粉在淡水青虾体内的药物代谢动力学。[方法]用8％溴氯海因粉全池泼洒（水体中含O．04mg／L溴氯海因）给药，每天1次，连续2d，采用有机萃取及固相萃取等方法提纯净化样本，用高效液相色谱法测定溴氯海因粉在淡水青虾体内和养殖水体中的代谢和残留。[结果]该方法所得的溴氯海因在0．10～20．00μg／ml内线性良好，最低检测限为0．05μg／ml；使用溴氯海因粉后4h淡水青虾的肌肉和血液中均未检出溴氯海因；8-48h内肌肉和血液中检出微量的溴氯海因，其中血液48h溴氯海因浓度为0．014μg／ml，肌肉为0．002μg／ml，72h后血液和肌肉中未检出溴氯海因。养殖水体中，溴氯海因降解符合一级反应，降解方程：C=0．396eμm，降解半衰期为35．76h。【结论】建议在25℃左右水温条件下，溴氯海因的休药期为3d。

Study on Pharmacokinetics of Bromochlorodimethylhydantoin Powder in Freshwater Shrimp and Aquaculture Water

[Objective] The aim of the present study was to study the pharmacokinetics of Bromochlorodimethylhydantoin powder in freshwater shrimp and aquaculture water. [Method] A high performanee liquid method was described for determination of Bromochlorodime- thylhydantoin in the tissue of freshwater shrimp. Bromochlorodimethylhydantoin was extracted from samples with melthod and purified by using solid-phase extraction. A 0.04 μg/ml dose of Bromochlorodimethylhydantoin was given to freshwater shrimp at （25± 1）℃ once a day, for 2 d. [Results] HPLC analysis showed that Bromochlorodim ethylhydantoin were validate in the concentration of interval from 0.10 to 20.00μg/ml, the detection limition was 0.05 μg/ml. No Bromochlorodimethylhydantoin was detected from muscule and blood of freshwatershrimp after 4 h. The residue concentration of Bromochlorodimethyl- hydantoin was 0.002μg/ml in blood, 0.014μg/ml in muscle at 48 h, and could not be detected after 72 h.The degradation of Bromochloro dimet hyl-hydantoin in aquaculture could be well described by a first-order reaction：c= 0.396e^0.0091, and the degradation half life was 35.76 h. [Conclution]According to the elimination of Bromochlorodimethy- lhydantoin in freshwater shrimp and aquaculture water, the withdraw time was suggested to be no less than 3 d at 25℃.