长白山北坡鸟类多样性研究Ⅱ鸟类群落组成随海拔梯度变化

对长白山北坡5个林带9个植物群落25个样地84种鸟类的多样性进行了调查。结果表明:次生混交林带的红松阔叶林中鸟类种类最多,有48种,占57.14%。对6个鸟类类群分析结果表明,随海拔的升高,同一类群中的种类有替代现象。随海拔梯度的变化,鸟类的多样性、丰富度呈下降趋势,均匀度基本相似,鸟类多样性、丰富度指数值在不同林带和不同植物群落中各不相同,以次生混交林带的红松阔叶林(多样性均在2.73以上,丰富度均在4.79以上)和针叶林带的山杨—白桦林(多样性均在2.41以上,丰富度均在3.73以上)最高。

Study of Bird Diversity on the North Slope of Changbai Mountain Ⅱ Composition of Bird Community Varies with Different Altitude Gradients

The investigation of 84 bird species in 9 plant communities in 25 plots of 5 botany belts indicated that the variety of bird species in Korean pine mixed with broadleaf tree species belt in secondary broadleaf-conifer mixed forests reaches the maximum,48 in amount,accounting for 57.14% out of the total.The analysis of 6 bird groups indicated that with the increase of altitude,the phenomenon of bird species being replaced by other species from the same group is obvious.The bird species diversity and bird abundance decrease with the increase of altitude,but the evenness is similar at different altitudes.Both of the indexes of bird diversity and bird abundance are different in different forest belts and botany communities,and they are the highest in Korean pine mixed with broadleaf tree species belt of secondary broadleaf-conifer mixed forests(index of bird diversity is 2.73 and that of abundance is 4.79) and in Trembling Aspen-Birch mixed belt of conifer forests(index of bird diversity is 2.41 and that of abundance is 3.73).