钾素对小麦茎、叶解剖结构的影响

为了从微观角度了解钾素与小麦产量的关系，在国家紫色土肥力与肥料效益监测基地上，研究了钾素对小麦茎、叶解剖结构的影响。结果表明，施钾后小麦茎秆茎叶厚角组织、组织层数增加，厚度和维管束的数量均上升，说明钾素有利于小麦茎秆、叶片厚角组织、堆管束的形成与发育。相关分析表明，小麦茎秆维管束数量、维管束面积、旗叶维管束数量、主脉、最大侧脉维管束面积与小麦产量的相关系数分别为O．983^*、O．986^*、O．986^*、O．995^**和O．975^**分别达到显著或极显著水平(r0．01=O．990，r0.05=O．950，n=4)。钾素促进了小麦输导组织的发育，保证了光合产物向籽粒运输通道的畅通，从而提高了小麦籽粒产量；增强机械性能，提高抗倒伏和抗病虫害侵袭的能力。

Effects of Potassium on Wheat Stem-Leaf Anatomical Structure

Effects of potassium(K) on wheat stem-leaf anatomical structure were studied on the National Purple Soil Fertility and Fertilizer Efficiency Monitored Base. The results showed that potassium had good effects on formation of wheat stem-leaf thick-cornered tissue and vascular bundle. Correlation analysis suggested that wheat grain yield was significantly or extremely significantly correlated with count, area of stem vascular bundle, count of flag leaf vascular bundle and area of chief leaf vein and biggest lateral leaf vein vascular bundle (r0.01 = 0. 990, r0.05 = 0. 950, n = 4) (the correlation coefficients were 0. 983,0. 986,0. 986,0. 995 and 0. 975, respectively). Thereby, potassium promoted wheat transportation tissue developing. It was good to transport nutritional material to grain and increase wheat yield.