滇池流域典型城郊氮磷污染负荷定量研究

通过野外实地监测和室内分析相结合.系统分析了滇池流域典型城郊排放污水氮磷营养盐排放通量和污染负荷,并采用城市降雨径流污染负荷的计算方法,估算了降雨径流氮磷营养盐污染负荷.结果表明:滇池流域城郊排放污水人均通量总氮为1.33～1.39 kg/a.氮态氮为0.69～0.91 kg/a,硝态氮为0.04 kg/a,总磷为0.11kg/a;年均负荷总氮为987.83～1 400.35 kg/hm~2·a,氨态氮为649.43～731.00 kg/hm~2·a,硝态氮为29.50～41.23 kg/hm~2·a,总磷为80.17～112.96 kg/hm~2·a;滇池流域城郊降雨径流污染负荷总氮为59.85～101.03kg/hm~2·a,总磷为6.45～9.55 kg/hm~2·a.全年由降雨地表径流引起的总氮、氨态氮、硝态氮、总磷污染负荷分别占全年集水区总排放污染负荷的6.05%～6.40%,3.54%～6.93%,7.68%～10.03%,7.17%～7.98%.在当前的滇池流域城郊结合部,生活、生产排污引起的污染更严重.

Pollution Load of N and P from Typical Suburb Regions in Dianchi Lake Catchments

Water quality and quantity of suburb storm runoff and sewage were monitored to calculate the pollution load in Dianchi lake catchments from 2006 to 2007. The results showed that, the average flux each person of discharged wastewater in Dianchi lake catchments was that: total -N was 1. 33～1. 39 kg/a,NH_3 - N was 0. 69～0. 91 kg/a,NO_3-N was 0. 04 kg/a,total-P was 0.11 kg/a;The average year flux each hectare was that: total-N was 987. 83～1 400.35 kg/hm~2 · a,NH_3-N was 649. 43～731. 00 kg/hm~2 · a,NO_3-N was 29. 50~41. 23 kg/hm~2 · a,total-P was 19. 66～27. 49 kg/hm~2 · a;Rainfall runoff pollution load of typical suburb in Dianchi lake catchments was that; total-N was 59. 85～101. 03 kg/hm~2 · a, total-P was 6. 45～9. 55 kg/hm~2 · a. The storm runoff produced 6. 05%～6. 40% of the total -N, 3. 54%～6. 93% of the NH_3-N, 7. 68%～10. 03% of the NO_3-N,and 7.17%～7. 98% of the total-P. Wastewater of household and production was an important cause of surface water quality deterioration currently in suburb regions of Dianchi lake catchment.