玉米轮回选择基础群体及其亲本群体的遗传变异评估

以鄂西地方玉米巫溪（Ｗ），美国硬粒坚杆玉米（Ｂ）及墨西哥耐热玉米墨黄九（Ｍ）３个开放分群体为主体，加另外８份材料经手配重组和３次隔离区混粉重组合成的用于轮回选择的基础群体ＷＢＭＣＯ等４个开放群体为试材，比较了单株粒重、穗重、株高等１５个农艺性状的平均值及标准差。以穗粒 因变量进行回归分析，以及用ＲＡＰＤ和ＲＦＬＰ分析技术，在ＤＮＡ水平上进行跗多态性的初步研究。结果表明，同一性状的均值，在４个群体的

THE ESTIMATE OF GENETIC VARIANCE OF MAIZE RECURRENT SELECTION BASIS POPULATION AND ITS PARENTAL POPULATION

The means and standard deviation of grain weight, ear weight, plant height etc., a total of 15 agronomic traits, were compared. Regression analysises were carried out between grain weight and other 14 agronomic traits. RAPD and RFLP molecular techniques were also used to assay genetic diversity at DNA level using 4 openponinated maize populations, which were Wuxi (W) from southern west China, Bsss (B) from American, Suwan (S) from MeXico and the synthetic population (WBMCo) of these 3 parent populations with 8 other materials. The results showed that the means of the same agronomic trait were different among the 4 populations, and WBMCo came first at ear length, ear width, row grain number, ear weight, grain weight, hundred grain weight, core width, core weight and grain percent. Standard deviations of the same agronomic trait were also different. WBMCo presented more diversities at ear length, row number, ear weight, ear grain weight, hundred grain weight, core width and plant height. The regression formular indicated that contributions of independent variable to grain weight were not the same among the 4 populations. Both RAPD and RFLP assay revealed a genetic variance at DNA level. The synthetic population WBMCo is qualified to be a basic population for recurrent selection.