牛粪厌氧消化效率提升技术研究进展

规模化养牛业在提高生产效率的同时,也导致牛粪在一些地区大量集中产生,这些牛粪如不妥善处理,将会带来严重的环境污染问题。厌氧消化（沼气发酵）技术既能降解有机污染物,又能生产清洁能源和有机肥料,是有效且环保的牛场粪污治理手段。然而,由于牛粪中难降解的木质纤维素含量较高,以及操作问题和工艺不稳定等原因导致牛粪厌氧消化甲烷产量较低。因此,为了使牛粪厌氧消化技术在经济上可持续,还需要进一步的研究。本文详细介绍了工艺参数,如C/N比、温度和固体浓度等对牛粪厌氧消化性能的影响,总结了提高牛粪厌氧消化甲烷产量和工艺稳定性的策略,如预处理、共消化和添加外源添加剂等,以期为提升牛粪厌氧消化技术的研究和技术推广提供参考。

Research Progress on Improvement of Anaerobic Digestion of Cow Manure

Large-scale cow farms can improve production efficiency,but they also produce intensivelylarge amounts of cow manurein some areas,and this manure is a serious environmental hazard if it is not properly handled. Anaerobic digestion （AD） （Biogas fermentation）can degrade pollutants,and produce biogas energy and organic fertilizer. It is regarded as effective and environmentally friendly means of animal manure disposes. However,due to the high content of refractory lignocellulose in cow manure as well as the operational issues and process instability, poor methane yield in anaerobic digestion of cow manure was observed. Therefore,further studies are required to make the anaerobic digestion techno-economically sustainable. This paper presents a detailed review in the influence of process parameters such as C/N ratio, temperature and solid concentration,on theperformance of the anaerobic digestion of cow manure.The strategies to boost anaerobic digestion performance of cow manure were summarized,including pre-treatments,co-digestion and introduction of additives. It is expected to provide help for solving the technical problems of anaerobic digestion of cow manure and technical popularization.