桑枝栽培灵芝研究现状、问题及其对策

利用桑枝栽培灵芝可有效解决桑枝废弃问题,并缓解灵芝生产与林业资源保护间的矛盾。文章总结了1998—2019年桑枝栽培灵芝相关成果论文,并从桑枝屑、桑枝段等栽培基质、桑枝栽培灵芝品种、桑枝栽培灵芝活性成分及现有的一些桑枝栽培灵芝技术综述了桑枝栽培灵芝研究现状。笔者针对目前粉碎机容易被树皮缠绕刀片、桑枝栽培灵芝缺乏技术标准、桑枝栽培灵芝的菌渣鲜见再次利用和桑枝栽培灵芝产品活性成分有待探究4个问题,分别提出在技术体系研究上今后应采取对应的4个方面对策：（1）研发出效率高、能耗低的桑枝专用粉碎机;（2）择优统一相关技术参数,因地制宜地编制桑枝栽培灵芝技术规程;（3）拓展桑枝栽培灵芝的菌渣资源化循环利用路径;（4）分析桑枝对灵芝产活性成分的影响,并深入探究其影响机制。

The Cultivation Techniques of Ganoderma lucidum with Mulberry Branches: Research Status,Issues and Suggestions

It is an effective solution to dispose the abandoned mulberry branches and alleviate the contradiction between Ganoderma lucidum production and forestry resource protection to cultivate G. lucidum with mulberry branches. The related results of G. lucidum cultivation with mulberry branches from 1998 to 2019 were summarized and the current research status were reviewed, including substrates, G. lucidum strains, active components and cultivation techniques. Furthermore, some technical difficulties were discussed and suggestions were put forward, such as developing an efficient and low-energy-consumption pulverizer substituting the existing one which is likely to be winded by mulberry branches, unifying relevant technical parameters to improve the cultivation technical standards, studying the cyclic utilization of substrate residues and further exploring the active components of G. lucidum cultivated with mulberry branches.