黑龙江省典型日光温室气候生产潜力估算及分析

研究旨在估算黑龙江省典型日光温室气候生产潜力,分析其时空分布特征,以期使有限的气候资源得到充分高效的利用,为设施农业的稳产高产提供科学依据。利用温室内外的观测数据,建立温室内温度预测模型,模拟1961—2020年温室内温度,对黄秉维光合生产潜力估算模型进行修订,得到日光温室内的光合和光温生产潜力模型,计算1961—2020年不同地区的气候生产潜力并分析其分布规律。结果表明：研究时间段内林甸和友谊的天气类型每月晴天居多,其次为阴天,多云天气相对较少;建立了代表站点典型日光温室平均气温预测模型,均通过信度检验(P≤0.05);黑龙江省日光温室1961—2020年温室生产季节光合生产潜力和光温生产潜力时空分布规律基本一致,均是由东北向西南逐渐增大,且逐年减小,5月最高,12月最低。光合生产潜力最小值出现在2015年,最大值出现在2020年,光温生产潜力最小值出现在1995年,最大值出现在2020年。该研究获得了黑龙江省不同地区典型日光温室1961—2020年的气候生产潜力分布,以期为当地日光温室生产布局提供科学依据。

Calculation and Analysis of Climatic Potential Productivity of Typical Solar Greenhouse in Heilongjiang Province

To calculate the climatic potential productivity of typical solar greenhouse in Heilongjiang Province and analyze its spatial and temporal distribution characteristic for making full and efficient use of limited climatic resources and providing a scientific basis for stable and high yield of facility agriculture, based on the observed data inside and outside greenhouse, the temperature prediction model was set up to simulate the temperature in the greenhouse during 1961 to 2020. The models of the photosynthetic productivity (PP) and light-temperature productivity (LTP) in solar greenhouse were established by revising the estimation model of Huang Bingwei’s photosynthetic production potential. The climatic potential productivity of different regions from 1961 to 2020 was calculated and its distribution rules were analyzed. The main conclusions are as follows: during the study period, the weather types of Lindian and Youyi were mostly sunny, followed by overcast and cloudy days. The average temperature prediction models of typical solar greenhouse were established and all of them passed the reliability test (P≤0.05). The PP and LTP of solar greenhouse during 1961 to 2020 were basically the same, which increased gradually from northeast to southwest, and decreased year by year, with the highest value in May and the lowest value in December. The minimum of PP appeared in 2015, and the maximum appeared in 2020. The minimum of LTP appeared in 1995, and the maximum appeared in 2020. In this study, the climatic potential productivity of typical solar greenhouses in different regions of Heilongjiang Province from 1961 to 2020 is obtained to lay a basis for the production layout of local solar greenhouses.