光温处理对‘黄金芽’茶生长及叶绿素荧光参数的影响

为选择最适宜于甘肃省文县碧口茶区幼龄‘黄金芽’的光温管理方式,以2年生‘黄金芽’茶苗为试验材料,研究单一棚膜(T1)、单一遮阳网(T2)、棚膜+遮阳网(T3)3种不同的光温管理方式对‘黄金芽’夏梢生长和叶片叶绿素荧光参数的影响,以无棚膜无遮阳网(CK)作为对照。结果表明,遮荫提高了‘黄金芽’叶片的初始荧光(F₀);遮荫显著提高了‘黄金芽’叶片最大荧光产量(Fm);遮荫显著提高了13:00和15:00‘黄金芽’叶片的最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm);T3显著提高了13:00和15:00的‘黄金芽’叶片的光下开放的PSⅡ反应中心的激发能捕获效率(Fv′/Fm′);遮荫显著降低了11:00、13:00和15:00时‘黄金芽’叶片的光化学猝灭系数(qP);T2的非光化学猝灭系数(qN)在15:00时显著低于CK;T1和CK对‘黄金芽’造成13:00和15:00时的光抑制,但未破坏PSⅡ反应中心。甘肃省文县碧口镇‘黄金芽’在三伏天遮荫可以提高其Fv/Fm,同时降低qP;全光照会导致13:00和15:00时‘黄金芽’PSⅡ反应中心失活而出现光抑制,需进行适度遮荫处理。

Effects of Light and Temperature Treatments on Growth and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters of ‘Huangjinya’ Tea

To choose the most suitable method for light and temperature management of young ‘Huangjinya’ in Bikou tea area of Wen County of Gansu Province, two-year-old ‘Huangjinya’ tea seedlings were used as experimental materials to study three different light and temperature management methods such as single shed film (T1), single shade net (T2), shed film+ shade net (T3) on the growth of summer shoots and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of ‘Huangjinya’ leaves, no shed film without shade net (CK) as a control. The results showed that shading could increase the initial fluorescence (F₀) of ‘Huangjinya’ leaves, significantly increase the maximum fluorescence (Fm) of the ‘Huangjinya’ leaves, and the photochemical quantum efficiency (Fv/Fm) of ‘Huangjinya’ leaves at 13:00 and 15:00. T3 significantly increased the excitation energy capture efficiency (Fv'/Fm') of the open-cell PSⅡ reaction center of the ‘Huangjinya’ leaves at 13:00 and 15:00; shading significantly reduced the photochemical quenching coefficient (qP) of the ‘Huangjinya’ leaves at 11:00, 13:00 and 15:00. The non-photochemical quenching coefficient (qN) of T2 was significantly lower than that of CK at 15:00; and T1 and CK caused light suppression at 13:00 and 15:00 for the ‘Huangjinya’, however, it did not cause damage to the PSII reaction center. Shading of ‘Huangjinya’ in Bikou town of Wen County of Gansu Province could increase the Fv/Fm and reduce the qP. Full light could cause inactivation of the PSII reaction center and photo inhibition at 13:00 and 15:00. Therefore, in the light and temperature management in ‘Huangjinya’ cultivation, moderate shading should be carried out in the dog days.