武夷红樱分类地位的修订

为了重新确定武夷红樱的分类地位,以16个野生樱属种为材料,利用SSR分子标记技术进行聚类分析,结合形态观测和DNA条形码分子鉴定技术进行辅助分类学研究。为了获得3个种间的亲缘关系,利用4个叶绿体基因序列(trnH-psbA、rpl32-trnL、petA-psbJ和trnL-trnF)进行DNA条形码分析,结果表明,武夷红樱(PcW1和PcW2)与华中樱4个基因序列差异明显,小于与钟花樱之间的差异。其中,武夷红樱(PcW2)的trnH-psbA和rpl32-trnL序列与华中樱完全一致,尤其是trnL-trnF序列,武夷红樱与华中樱仅有3个位点差异,而与钟花樱有75(77)个位点差异。基于trnH-psbA+rpl32-trnL+petA-psbJ+trnL-trnF构建的进化树表明,武夷红樱与华中樱聚在一起,而与钟花樱关系较远。结合SSR和形态观测结果,确定武夷红樱为华中樱与钟花樱的杂交种。由于叶绿体基因呈母系遗传,可确定华中樱为母本,钟花樱为父本。本试验利用分子生物学、遗传学结合形态观测的方法,确立了武夷红樱新的分类地位,武夷红樱形态上虽与钟花樱较为相似,但基因水平上却与华中樱更为接近,因此,建议将武夷红樱由钟花樱下的一个变种升级为一个独立的种。此外,本试验方法也可为其他樱属植物的分类学修订、新种的发现以及为新品种的选育提供重要的参考。

Revision of the Taxonomic Status of Prunus campanulata var. Wuyiensis

To redefine the classification status of P. campanulata var.wuyiensis, 16 species of wild Cerasus were used as the material and SSR molecular marker technology was adopted to make clustering analysis. Morphological observation and DNA barcoding molecular identification techniques were also combined to assist taxonomy research. In order to obtain the genetic relationship among three species, four chloroplast gene sequences (trnH-psbA, rpl32-trnL, petA-psbJ and trnL-trnF) were used to make the DNA barcode analysis. The results showed that the differences between P. campanulata var.wuyiensis (PcW1 and PcW2) and P. conradinae are smaller than those of the P. campanulata with only four significantly different gene sequences. Among them, the trnH-psbA and rpl32-trnL sequences of the P. campanulata var.wuyiensis (PcW2) are completely consistent with that of the P. conradinae. And for the trnL-trnF sequence, there are only three loci differences between P. campanulata var.wuyiensis was clustered with P. conradinae, while 75 (77) loci differences are existed between P. campanulata var.wuyiensis and P. campanulata. The neighbor-joining tree, which is constructed on the basis of trnH-psbA+rpl32-trnL+petA-psbJ+trnL-trnF sequences, showed that P. campanulata var.wuyiensis was clustered with P. conradinae together, while apart from P. campanulata. Combined with the results of SSR and morphological characteristics, it is confirmed that P. campanulata var.wuyiensis is a hybrid between P. campanulata and P. conradinae. And, since the chloroplast gene is inherited in the maternal line, so it also can be confirmed that the P. conradinae is female parent and P. campanulata is the male parent. By adopting the methods of molecular biology and genetics as well as the morphological observation, this experiment established a new classification status for P. campanulata var.wuyiensis, that is, P. campanulata var.wuyiensis is more closely with P. conradinae in the gene level, in spite of the fact that P. campanulata var.wuyiensis is similar to P. conradinae in morphology. Therefore, it is suggested that the P. campanulata var.wuyiensis should be upgrade as an independent species from a variant of P. campanulata. In addition, methods used in the experiment can also provide important reference for the study of other Cerasus, such as the taxonomic revision, the discovery of new species as well as the selection and breeding of new varieties.