‘冬牧70’处理方式对土壤改良和烟叶产质量影响

为探讨偏高肥力烟田土壤宜烟性改良,研究了冬闲期种植‘冬牧70’,全部翻压掩青和地上部收割移出烟田2种处理方式对土壤改良和烟叶产质量影响。结果表明,偏高肥力烟田冬闲期种植‘冬牧70’,随地上部收割88 kg/hm²氮被移出烟田。‘冬牧70’翻压掩青和收割均能提高0~20 cm土层土壤有机质含量,同时显著增加了土壤脲酶、转化酶及碱性磷酸酶活性。‘冬牧70’收割处理降低了烟叶氮吸收积累量,促进了烟叶成熟落黄。‘冬牧70’收割处理烟叶化学成分协调性好于掩青处理,烟叶产值较掩青处理提高8.5%。烟田土壤肥力偏高情况下,冬闲期种植‘冬牧70’并收割地上部移出烟田,可以明显提高烟叶产质量。

Effects of ‘Dongmu 70’ Treatments on Soil Improvement,Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco

To explore the improvement of tobacco suitability in tobacco field with high fertility, the effects of two treatments (ploughing green-manure and overground harvest) of planting secal ecerale ‘Dongmu 70’ in winter period on soil improvement and yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco were studied. The results showed that 88 kg/hm ² nitrogen could be brought out of the tobacco fields with overground harvest of ‘Dongmu 70’. The soil organic matter content in 0-20 cm soil layer was increased by both ploughing green-manure and overground harvest, and the activities of urease, invertase and alkaline phosphatase were also increased significantly. The overground harvest reduced the nitrogen accumulation and promoted the maturation of flue-cured tobacco leaves. Harmony of chemical composition of flue-cured tobacco leaves of overground harvest treatment was better than that of ploughing green-manure, and the economic values increased by 8.5%. So in high fertility tobacco field, planting ‘Dongmu 70’ in winter period with overground harvest treatment could obviously improve the yield and quality of tobacco leaf.