生物炭基肥对马铃薯田土壤脲酶活性和产量的影响

为明确生物炭基肥在马铃薯生产上的应用效果,以马铃薯品种中薯3号为材料,采用随机区组设计,研究大田条件下,0（CK₀）、300（T₁）、600（T₂）、900（T₃）、1200（T₄）kg/hm²生物炭基肥及与之等量N、P、K化肥（分别为CK₁、CK₂、CK₃、CK₄）对马铃薯田土壤脲酶活性和产量的影响。结果表明,在马铃薯苗期,土壤脲酶活性表现为CK₄>T₄>CK₃>T₃>CK₂>T₂>CK₁>T₁>CK₀;在块茎增长期和成熟收获期,土壤脲酶活性表现为T₄>CK₄>T₃>CK₃>T₂>CK₂>T₁>CK₁>CK₀。马铃薯不同生育时期土壤脲酶活性表现为块茎增长期>成熟收获期>苗期。不同土层脲酶活性表现为0~10cm>10~20cm>20~40cm。马铃薯产量为T₃>T₄>CK₃>T₂>CK₄>T₁>CK₂>CK₁>CK₀。马铃薯产量与各土层脲酶活性均呈正相关,且在块茎增长期和成熟收获期相关性达到极显著水平。生物炭基肥施用量为900kg/hm²时马铃薯产量最高,是适合浙江地区马铃薯种植的推荐施肥量。

Effects of Biochar-Based Fertilizer on Soil Urease Activity and Yield of Potato

To study the effects of biochar-based fertilizer in potato production, random block design was used to analyse the effects of biochar-based fertilizer on soil urease activity and yield of ‘Zhongshu 3’ by applying 0 (CK₀), 300 (T₁), 600 (T₂), 900 (T₃) and 1200 (T₄) kg/hm ² of biochar-based fertilizer and the same amount of N, P, K fertilizer (CK₁, CK₂, CK₃, CK₄, respectively). The results showed that at seedling stage, soil urease activity was observed as CK₄ > T₄ > CK₃ > T₃ > CK₂ > T₂ > CK₁ > T₁ > CK₀, at the tuber growth and harvest stage, soil urease activity was observed as T₄ > CK₄ > T₃ > CK₃ > T₂ > CK₂ > T₁ > CK₁ > CK₀. Soil urease activities at different growth stages of potato observed as tuber growth period > mature harvest stage > seedling stage. Urease activities in different soil layers were observed as 0-10cm > 10-20cm > 20-40cm. Potato production performance was showed as T₃ > T₄ > CK₃ > T₂ > CK₄ > T₁ > CK₂ > CK₁ > CK₀. The yield and soil urease activity were extremely significant at the tuber growth and harvest stages. In the experiment, the yield of potato of 900kg/ha biochar-based fertilizer treatment were the highest, and it was the suitable match for Huzhou areas in Zhejiang province.