壳寡糖锌对温室番茄的防病效果及果实品质和产量的影响

为研究壳寡糖锌对温室番茄的防病效果及果实品质和产量的影响,以常见植物病原菌和温室番茄为研究对象,采用室内抑菌实验和田间试验,测定壳寡糖锌的抑菌活性及其对温室番茄病害的防治效果,以及对番茄植株生长、果实品质和产量的影响。结果表明,在抑菌实验中,壳寡糖锌对黄瓜角斑病原菌(Pseudomonas syringae pv. Lachrymans)、姜瘟病原菌(Ralstonia solanacearum)、小麦赤霉病原菌(FusaHum graminearum Sehw)、水稻纹枯病原菌(Rhizoctonia solani Kühn)、棉花枯萎病原菌(Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Vesinfectum)等多种病原菌均具有较好的抑制作用,MIC值明显低于常规化学杀菌剂。在田间试验中,与温室正常管理的对照组相比,喷施壳寡糖锌可明显减少和减轻番茄植株病害的发生;显著促进番茄株高、茎粗增长,相对增量分别为17.11%、53.89%;提高番茄果实中可溶性固形物、固酸比、还原糖、维生素C、锌含量,相对增量分别为5.88%、11.90%、27.88%、51.60%、87.91%,而且总酸含量降低5.38%;提高番茄总产量和一级果产量,相对增量分别为23.35%和30.73%,无二级果和次果。由此可见,壳寡糖锌具有广谱抑菌性以及较好的防病、促生、提质、增产的功效,药肥两用,值得在农业生产中开发应用。

Zinc Chitooligosaccharide: Effects on Disease Control,Fruit Quality and Yield of Greenhouse Tomato

To investigate the effect of zinc chitooligosaccharide (zinc-COS) on the disease control, fruit quality and yield of greenhouse tomato, the common plant pathogens and greenhouse tomato were used as research subjects. The antimicrobial activity of zinc-COS and its effect on disease control, plant growth, fruit quality and yield of tomato were determined by antimicrobial test and field experiments. The results showed that in the antimicrobial test, zinc-COS had a good inhibitory effect on various pathogens such as Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans, Ralstonia solanacearum, FusaHum graminearum Sehw, Rhizoctonia solani Kühn, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Vesinfectum, etc., and the MIC values were significantly lower than that of conventional chemical bactericides. In the field experiments, compared with the control group under normal greenhouse management, the spraying of zinc-COS could significantly reduce and alleviate the occurrence of tomato plant diseases, and significantly promote the growth of tomato plant height and stem diameter, with relative increments of 17.11% and 53.89%. Moreover, the contents of soluble solid, solid acid ratio, reducing sugar, vitamin C and zinc in tomato fruit were increased by 5.88%, 11.90%, 27.88%, 51.60% and 87.91%, respectively. And the total acid content was reduced by 5.38%. Meanwhile, the total yield and yield of first-class fruit were increased by 23.35% and 30.73%, and there was no second-class fruit and inferior fruit. It can be seen that zinc-COS has a broad bacteriostasis spectrum, and better disease prevention, growth promotion, quality improvement and yield-increasing effects. Hence, zinc-COS has the dual-purpose of biological bactericide and fertilizer, and a certain value of development and application in agricultural production.