推进种养结合的制约因素及政策建议

随着粮食增产的迫切需求和化肥工业的快速发展,我国种植业与养殖业养分物质循环断裂,推进种养结合成为实现农业绿色发展重要途径。但目前,我国从农户层面以及区域层面都存在着种植与养殖之间的纽带断裂,造成了农业资源利用的错位,也产生了资源环境双重压力。推进种养结合的堵点主要表现在养殖场责任尚未压实、有机肥施用不便利、堆肥质量标准缺失、社会化服务体系不完善等多方面。本文结合对国内和国际上推进种养结合的典型做法的分析,在强化提升国家粮食安全保障能力的大背景下,从优化种养布局规划、压实养殖主体责任、强化科技支撑、培育社会化服务组织等方面提出了当前构建全新的种养循环体系的建议。

Constraints and Policy Recommendations on Promoting Combination of Planting and Breeding

With the urgent need to increase food production and the rapid development of the chemical fertilizer industry,the nutrient material cycle of planting industry and aquaculture industry is broken in China,and the promotion of the combination of planting and breeding has become an important way to achieve green development of agriculture. But at present, there is a break in the bond between planting and breeding at both the farmer level and the regional level in my country, which has caused the dislocation of the use of agricultural resources, and has also produced double pressures on resources and the environment. The blocking points for the promotion of the combination of planting and breeding are mainly manifested in many aspects such as the fact that responsibilities of the farm have not been compacted, the application of organic fertilizer is inconvenient, the quality standards of composting are lacking, and the social service system is not perfect. Combining with the analysis of typical domestic and international practices that promote the combination of planting and breeding, the article puts forward suggestions for constructing a new planting and breeding cycle system, which are optimizing the layout of planting and breeding, compacting the main responsibility of breeding, strengthening scientific and technological support, and cultivating society service organization.